Anthranilic acid derivatives as multi drug resistance modulators

ABSTRACT

Anthranilic acids of formula (I):wherein each of R to R9 is an organic substituent, n is 0 or 1, m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 6, q is 0 or 1, X is a direct bond, O, S, -S-(CH2)p or -O-(CHO2)p- wherein p is from 1 to 6 and Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have activity as inhibitors of P-glycoprotein and may thus be used, inter alia, as modulators of multidrug resistance in the treatment of multidrug resistant cancers, for example to potentiate the cytotoxicity of a cancer drug.

This application is a 35 U.S.C. § 371 national phase entry application of PCT/GB97/02885 filed Oct. 17, 1997.

The present invention relates to compounds useful as modulators of multi-drug resistance (MDR), in particular MDR caused by over-production of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), to their preparation and to pharmaceutical and veterinary compositions containing them.

The resistance of tumours to treatment with certain cytotoxic agents is an obstacle to the successful chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer patients. A tumour may acquire resistance to a cytotoxic agent used in a previous treatment. A tumour may also manifest intrinsic resistance, or cross-resistance, to a cytotoxic agent to which it has not previously been exposed, that agent being unrelated by structure or mechanism of action to any agent used in previous treatments of the tumour.

Analogously, certain pathogens may acquire resistance to pharmaceutical agents used in previous treatments of the diseases or disorders to which those pathogens give rise. Pathogens may also manifest intrinsic resistance, or cross resistance, to pharmaceutical agents to which they have not previously been exposed. Examples of this effect include multi-drug resistant forms of malaria, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis and amoebic dysentery. These phenomena are referred to collectively as multi-drug resistance (MDR).

The most common form of MDR is caused by over-production in the cell membrane of P-gp, a protein which is able to reduce the accumulation of drugs in cells by pumping them out. This protein has been shown to be a major cause of multidrug resistance in tumour cells (Beck, W. T. Biochem. Pharmacol, 1987, 36,2879-2887).

In addition to cancer cells, p-glycoprotein has been found in many normal human tissues including the liver, small intestine, kidney, and blood-brain endothelium. P-gps are localised to the secretory domains of the cells in all these tissues. This localisation suggests that P-gp may play a role in limiting the absorption of foreign toxic substances across biological barriers.

Consequently, in addition to their ability to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to cytotoxic agents, P-gp inhibitors are expected to increase the net oral absorption of certain drugs and improve the transport of drugs through the blood-brain barrier. Indeed, administration of cyclosporin, a P-gp inhibitor, has been shown to increase the intestinal absorption of acebutolol and vinblastine in rats by 2.6 and 2.2-fold respectively (Tereo, T. et al. J. Pharm. Pharmacol, 1996, 48, 1083-1089), while mice deficient in mdr la P-gp gene exhibit up to 100-fold increased senstivity to the centrally neurotoxic pesticide ivermectin (Schinkel, A. H. et al Cell 1994, 77, 491-502). Besides increased drug levels in the brain, the P-gp deficient mice were shown to have elevated drug levels in many tissues and decreased drug elimination.

Disadvantages of drugs which have so far been used to modulate MDR, termed resistance modifying agents or RMAs, are that they frequently possess a poor pharmacokinetic profile and/or are toxic at the concentrations required for MDR modulation.

It has now been found that a series of anthranilic acid derivatives have activity as inhibitors of P-gp and may therefore be used in overcoming the multi-drug resistance of tumours and pathogens. They also have potential utility in improving the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination characteristics of certain drugs.

The present invention therefore provides a compound which is an anthranilic acid derivative of formula (I):

wherein

each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) wherein each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹, which are the same or different, is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or R¹ and R², being attached to adjacent positions of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group;

R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl

R⁴ is C₁-C₆ alkyl or R⁴ represents —CH₂— or —CH₂CH₂— which is attached either (i) to position 2 of ring b to complete a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring b, or (ii) to the position in ring a adjacent to that to which X, being a single bond, is linked, thereby completing a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring a;

R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

X is a direct bond, O, S, —S—(CH₂)_(p)— or —O—(CH₂)_(p)— wherein p is an integer of 1 to 6;

R⁶ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy;

q is 0 or 1;

Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group;

each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent;

R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, either of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the said phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring, or form a methylenedioxy group;

n is 0 or 1; and

m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 6;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The group X is linked to any one of the positions 2 to 6 in ring a which are not occupied by R⁶. Preferably it is linked to position 3 or 4. In a preferred series of compounds R⁶ is at position 2 and X is at position 3 or 4 in ring a. When X is at position 3 or 4 in ring a R⁶ may alternatively occupy position 5. Owing to the free rotation of ring a, position 6 is equivalent to position 2.

The value of m is preferably 0 or an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2. The value of q is preferably 1.

A C₁-C₆ alkyl group may be linear or branched. A C₁-C₆ alkyl group is typically a C₁-C₄ alkyl group, for example a methyl, ethyl, propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl group. A halogen is F, Cl, Br or I. Preferably it is F, Cl or Br. A C₁-C₆ alkyl group which is substituted is typically substituted by one or more halogen atoms, for instance by 1, 2 or 3 halogen atoms. It may be a perhaloalkyl group, for instance trifluoromethyl.

A C₁-C₆ alkoxy group may be linear or branched. It is typically a C₁-C₄ alkoxy group, for example a methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, i-propoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy or tert-butoxy group. The integer m is from 1 to 6 and is typically 1, 2 or 3.

An unsaturated carbocyclic group is typically a C₅-C₁₀ carbocyclic group which contains at least one unsaturated bond, for instance a C₆-C₁₀ aryl group such as a phenyl or naphthyl group. An unsaturated heterocyclic group is typically a 5 or 6-membered heterocyclic ring with at least one unsaturated bond, which contains one or more heteroatoms selected from N, S and O and which is optionally fused to a benzene ring or to a second such 5 or 6-membered heterocyclic ring.

An unsaturated heterocyclic group may be, for example, a furan, thiophene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, pyrazole, imidazole, isoxazole, oxazole, isothiazole, thiazole, pyridine, quinoline, quinoxaline, isoquinoline, thienopyrazine, pyran, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, purine or triazine group. The aforesaid heterocyclic ring may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents, for instance one or more substituents selected from OH, halogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, for example by halogen, such as CF₃, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, nitro and an amino group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above.

Preferably the heterocyclic group represented by R⁹ includes at least one nitrogen atom and the heterocyclic group represented by Ar includes at least one nitrogen or sulphur atom.

In a preferred series of compounds n is 0 and R⁴ represents —CH₂CH₂— which is attached to position 2 or 6 of ring b to complete, with ring b, a tetrahydroisoquinoline group. Alternatively, n is 1 and R⁴ is —CH₂— which is attached to position 2 or 6 of ring b to complete, with ring b, a tetrahydroisoquinoline group.

In another preferred series of compounds m is 1, X is a single bond attached to position 3 or 4 of ring a and R⁴ represents —CH₂— which is attached to a ring position adjacent to position 3 or 4, respectively, of ring a to complete with ring a a tetrahydroisoquinoline group. Alternatively m is 0, X is a single bond attached to position 3 or 4 of ring a and R⁴ is —CH₂CH₂— which is attached to a ring position adjacent to position 3 or 4, respectively, of ring a to complete with ring a a tetrahydroisoquinoline group.

The moiety Ar is preferably a benzene, naphthalene, thiophene, thienopyrazine, pyridine, pyrazine, indole or furan ring.

The group R⁹ is preferably a quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline, pyridine, pyrazine, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole or isothiazole group. More preferably R⁹ is a quinolin-3-yl, quinoxalin-2-yl, pyrazin-2-yl, pyridin-2-yl, pyridin-3-yl, oxazol-4-yl or thiazol-4-yl group.

R, R¹ and R² are preferably independently selected from H, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy and nitro, or R is H and R¹ and R², being attached to positions 2 and 3, 3 and 4, 4 and 5 or 5 and 6 of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group.

In a preferred aspect, the anthranilic acid of the invention has the following formula (Ia):

wherein R¹¹ and R²¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen or methoxy;

R³¹ and R⁴¹, which may be the same or different, are each independently selected from H, CH₃, CF₃, F, Cl, Br, NH₂, NO₂, NHOH, methoxy, hydroxy and phenyl; or R³¹ and R⁴¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent,

R⁵¹ is 2-furanyl, 3-furanyl, 2-thiophene, 3-thiophene, 2-indolyl or 2-benzofuranyl or a ring of one of the following formulae (II′), (III′) or (IV′):

wherein R⁶¹ and R⁷¹, which may be the same or different, are selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is linear or branched, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, F, Cl, Br, OR¹², NO₂, dimethylamino, diethylamino, acetyl and benzoyl, or R⁶¹ and R⁷¹ when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent;

R⁸¹ and R⁹¹, which may be the same or different are each hydrogen, methyl or methoxy, or R⁸¹ and R⁹¹, when situated on adjacent carbons, form together with the pyridine ring to which they are attached a quinoline or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline ring system; R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen, methyl or propionyl; or R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹¹, when on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring,

R¹²¹ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, or C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl or acetyl;

r is 0 or 1, and

s is 1, 2 or 3;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The integer s is from 1 to 3, and is preferably 1 or 2. In a preferred series of compounds of formula (Ia) r is 1, s is 2, R¹¹ and R²¹ are both methoxy and R⁵¹ is a 2-quinoxaline group, a 3-quinoline group, a 2-pyrazine group or a 3-pyridine group, all of which groups may be unsubstituted or substituted.

In another aspect, the anthranilic acid of the invention has the following structure (A)

wherein

(a) each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, OH, NO₂, N(R¹⁰R¹¹), halogen or C₂-C₆ alkoxy, or R is H and R¹ and R² form, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group, provided R, R¹ and R² are not all H; and each of R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, Ar, X and m is as defined for formula (I) above; or

(b) each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H or OMe and each of R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, Ar, X and m is as defined above.

In another aspect the anthranilic acid of the invention has the following structure (B):

wherein R, R¹ to R³, R⁵ to R⁹, Ar and n are as defined above for formula (I)

In a further aspect, the anthranilic acid of the invention has the following structure (C):

wherein R, R¹ to R³, R⁵ to R⁹, Ar, X and m are as defined above for formula (I).

In a further aspect, the anthranilic acid of the invention has the following structure (D):

wherein R, R¹ to R⁹, Ar, m and n are as defined above for formula (I) and X, which is at position 3 or 4 in ring a, is as defined above for formula (I).

In a preferred series of compounds of formula (I), R⁴ is C₁-C₆ alkyl. Preferably R, R¹ and R² are each H, OH or methoxy.

In ring a, R⁶ is linked to any one of positions 2 to 6. Typically R⁶ is linked to position 2 in ring a.

Examples of preferred compounds of the invention are as follows.

Compound Chemical Name No. 2-Chloro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2- 9591 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 4-Hydroxy-7-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-3- 9592 carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9594 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9595 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-dimethylamino- phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9596 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-dimethylamino- phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9597 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7- 9600 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-pyridin-2-yl)-amide 4-Hydroxy-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2- 9606 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7- 9608 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-thiophen-2- yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7- 9609 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-thiophen-2- yl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9612 dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9613 dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(3,4- 9614 dimethoxy-benzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- isoquinolin-7-ylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9615 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4 -methylsulfanyl- phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (4-{4-[2-(6,7- 9616 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-amide N-(4-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H 9617 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}- thiophen-3-yl)-6-methyl-nicotinamide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9621 dimethoxy-3 ,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylsulfanyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7- 9622 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-pyrazin-2-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9623 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethoxy]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9625 dimethoxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin 2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(1,3- 9626 dihydro-isoindol-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}- phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9628 dichloro-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(7,8- 9629 dichloro-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(2-{[2-(3,4- 9630 dimethoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-methyl-amino}-ethyl)- phenylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9631 dimethyl-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbatnoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9632 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethoxy]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{3-[2-(6,7- 9633 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(7-nitro- 9634 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-Methyl-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2- 9635 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9636 dimethoxy-benzyl)-ethyl-amino]-ethyl- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide 2-Methyl-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2- 9638 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3- 9639 isopropoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]- ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[methyl- 9640 (3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl)-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[butyl- 9641 (3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4- 9642 butoxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9643 difluoro-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(2,3- 9645 dihydro-benzo [1,4]dioxin-6-ylmethyl)-methyl- amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4- 9646 isopropoxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]- ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3- 9647 hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[3-(6,7- 9648 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-2- hydroxy-propoxy]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4- 9649 hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl} phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9650 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-2-methyl-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9651 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-2-methoxy-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{[(3- 9652 isopropoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]- methyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide 5-Methyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{3-[2- 9653 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9654 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-1- methyl-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4- 9655 dimethylamino-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3- 9656 butoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl]-amide 5-Methyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2- 9657 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-2-methoxy-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)- amide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9658 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]2-methyl-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9659 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-2-methoxy-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{3-[3-(6,7- 9660 dimethoxy-31 4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yi)- propyl]-phenyicarbamoyi}-phenyi)-atnide N-[2-(4-{[(3-Isopropoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)- 9661 methyl-amino]-methyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]- nicotinamide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [5-chloro-2-(4-{2- 9663 [(3-4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(7,8- 9664 dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-6- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9665 diethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6-{4-[2-(6,7- 9666 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thieno[2,3-b]pyrazin-7- yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9667 dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-4,5-dif iuoro-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9668 dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-5-methyl-phenyll-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9669 dimethoxy-benzyl)-isopropyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4- 9677 dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}- phenylcarbamoyl)-5-nitro-phenyl]-amide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9304 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin02-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9405 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-6-chioro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9354 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-5-chioro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9350 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-4-chioro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9401 dimethoxy-3,dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-3-chioro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9394 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-5-bromo-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9349 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-4-fluoro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9398 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-3-methyl-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9399 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-3-methoxy-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9424 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-3-hydroxy-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9420 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-4-nitro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9435 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-4-amino-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9432 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-5-phenyl-benzamide 3-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-naphthalene-2- 9410 carboxylic acid [2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro- 1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-amide 2-(4-Dimethylamino-benzoylamino)-N-L2-(6,7- 9256 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Propyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9297 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Pentyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9395 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9331 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide Biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9294 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9295 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9302 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide 2-(4-Diethylamino-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9310 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-tert-Butyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9334 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro- 9351 1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Bromo-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9380 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Nitro-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9381 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Phenoxy-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9426 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Benzoyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9427 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Benzyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9442 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyloxy-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9459 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Benzyloxy-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7- 9460 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-benzamide Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9377 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide N-{2-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H- 9359 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}- nicotinamide N-{2-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H- 9384 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}- isonicotinamide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9391 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9347 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Isoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9383 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9385 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9389 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7 9397 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Thiophene-3-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7- 9365 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide 1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy- 9367 3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]- phenyl-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic. acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9531 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9542 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-hydroxyamino-phenyl)- amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9543 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9554 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-(2-(6,7- 9541 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-nitro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9561 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-trifiuoromethyl- phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9562 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-3-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9564 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-3-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid. (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9568 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9573 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)- amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9544 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl) ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9571 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9574 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9576 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)- amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6-{4-[2-(6,7- 9578 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-benzo[1,3]dioxoi-5-yl)- amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9581 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-nitro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2,-{4-[2-(6,7- 9584 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9588 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-methyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9593 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-chloro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9586 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-chloro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9589 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-amino-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4.-[2-(6,7- 9545 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 9590 (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H- isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}- phenyl)-amide Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9472 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H- 9482 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}- phenyl)-nicotinamide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H- 9483 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}- phenyl}-isonicotinamide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9493 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 5-Methyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2- 9527 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H 9557 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl} phenyl)-6-methyl-nicotinamide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H- 9582 isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}- phenyl)-6-methoxy-nicotinamide 5-Propionyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4- 9569 [2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- 9456 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}- benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- 9511 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-4- methyl-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- 9510 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl-phenyl}-5- methyl-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(617-dimethoxy-3,4- 9512 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-6- methyl-benzamide 2-(2-Fluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9489 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Fluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9500 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Fluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9501 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2,4-Difluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9513 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2,6-Difluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9514 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-chloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9494 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl-benzamide 2-(3-chloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(617- 9495 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-chloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9496 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Methyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9497 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl}- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Methyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9503 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Methyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9504 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Methoxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(617- 9477 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Methoxy-benzoclamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9517 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Methoxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9518 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9535 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl-benzamide 2-(3-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9549 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzanlide 2-(4-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9559 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide Acetic acid 2-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- 9534 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- phenylcarbamoyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl ester Acetic acid 3-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- 9540 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- phenylcarbamoyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl ester Acetic acid 4-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4- 9548 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- phenylcarbamoyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl ester 2-(2-Trifluoromethyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2- 9523 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Trifluoromethyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2- 9524 (6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- yl)-ethyl]-phenyl-benzamide 2-(3-Dimethylamino-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9556 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9447 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9461 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide Naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (2-{4-02-(6,7- 9470 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Naphthaiene-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9476 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-(3,4-Dichloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9536 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3,4-Dimethyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7- 9538 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide Thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9471 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9492 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Furan-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9526 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9515 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7- 9539 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-(4-cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-[3-(6,7- 9466 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- propyl-benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(3,4- 9479 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide Quinoxaline-2-carboxyXic acid (2-{4-[3-(6,7- 9567 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)- propyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(6,7- 9572 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- ylmethyl)-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(3,4- 9577 dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]- phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(6,7- 9585 dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2- ylmethyl)-phenylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide

Compounds of formula (I) may be produced by a process which comprises:

(a) treating an aminobenzamide of formula (VI)

wherein Ar, R⁷ and R⁸ are as defined above and Z is the moiety:

wherein m, n, q, R, R¹ to R⁶ and X are as defined above, with a carboxylic acid of formula R⁹—COOH, or an activated derivative thereof, wherein R⁹ is as defined above; or

(b) treating a compound of formula XII:

wherein Ar, R⁵, R⁶ to R⁹, X, q, and m are as defined above, with an amine of formula XX:

wherein R, R¹ to R⁴ and n are as defined above; and, if desired, removing any optional protecting groups present, and/or if desired, converting one compound of formula (I) into another compound of formula (I) and/or, if desired, converting one compound of formula (I) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or, if desired, converting a salt into a free compound of formula (I).

In process variant (a) the carboxylic acid R⁹—COOH is commercially available or may be prepared as described in Reference Example 6A which follows. The acid may be activated as the corresponding acid chloride R⁹—COCl. This may be obtained commercially or prepared by treating the free carboxylic acid R⁹—COOH with thionyl chloride. Alternatively the carboxylic acid R⁹—COOH can be activated with cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, or with 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide.

Amino benzamides of general formula VI may be obtained by one of three routes, illustrated below in scheme 1 in which each of Z, R⁷, R⁸ and Ar is as defined above. The first route comprises the direct coupling of the appropriately substituted, commercially available anthranilic acid IV with an amine of formula IX (step iii), and is described in more detail in Reference Example 4A which follows. The starting amine of formula IX may be prepared as described in Reference Example 1A which follows.

The second route comprises coupling of the appropriately substituted, commercially available, nitrobenzoic acid III and subsequent reduction of the nitro group to an amino group (steps 1 and ii). These steps are described in more detail in Reference Examples 2A and 3A, respectively, which follow. The third route involves 4 steps, starting from a commercially available amino ester VII. This route is described in more detail in Reference Example 5 which follows.

In process variant (b), the amines of formula XX are known compounds or can be prepared from known starting materials using conventional techniques in organic chemistry, for instance as described in Example 3. The intermediate bromide of formula XII is prepared by treatment of the corresponding hydroxy compound of formula XVII with a brominating agent. Suitable brominating agents include N-bromosuccinimide. The hydroxy compound of formula XVII may be prepared as illustrated in scheme 2. The reactions of scheme 2 are described in more detail in Reference Example 7 which follows.

The starting amino derivative of formula XIII, in which P is a hydroxy protecting group, is prepared from the corresponding protected nitro derivative by reduction, for instance by treatment with H₂ in EtOH in the presence of PtO₂. The protected nitro derivative is in turn obtained by treating the unprotected nitro derivative with a protecting group that affords the group P.

Step (i) is typically carried out by reacting together the compounds of formulae XIII and XIV in the presence of a base, for instance triethylamine. The resulting compound is reduced in step (ii), for instance under the conditions described above for the preparation of compound XIII, to give the intermediate compound of formula XV.

Step (iii) involves the treatment of the compound of formula XV with a compound R⁹—COCl in an organic solvent in the presence of a base to give the compound of formula XVI. The latter compound is deprotected in step (iv), and the resulting deprotected derivative of formula XVII is treated with a brominating agent in step (v) to give the desired compound of formula XII.

Compounds of formula (Ia) may be produced by a process which comprises:

(a′) treating an aminobenzamide of formula VIII′

wherein R³¹ and R⁴¹ are as defined above and, if required, are optionally protected, and Z′ is the moiety

wherein r, s, R¹¹ and R²¹ are as defined above, with a carboxylic acid of formula R⁵¹—COOH, or an activated derivative thereof, wherein R⁵¹ is as defined above; or

(b′) treating a compound of formula XII′:

wherein R⁵¹ is as defined above, with an amine of formula IX′:

wherein r, s, R¹¹ and R²¹ are as defined above, to produce a compound of formula (Ia) wherein R³¹ and R⁴¹ are both hydrogen; or

(c′) treating an azalactone of formula XIII′:

wherein R⁵¹ is as defined above, with an amine of formula (IX′)

wherein r, s, R¹¹ and R²¹ are as defined above, to produce a compound of formula (Ia) wherein R³¹ and R⁴¹ are both hydrogen; and, if desired, removing any optional protecting groups present, and/or if desired, converting one compound of formula (Ia) into another compound of formula (Ia) and/or, if desired, converting one compound of formula (Ia) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or, if desired, converting a salt into a free compound of formula (Ia).

In process variant (a′) the carboxylic acid R⁵¹—COOH is commercially available or may be prepared as described in Reference Example 6B which follows. The acid may be activated as the corresponding acid chloride R⁵¹—COCl. This may be obtained commercially or prepared by treating the free carboxylic acid R⁵¹—COOH with thionyl chloride. Alternatively the carboxylic acid R⁵¹—COOH can be activated with cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, or with 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide.

The 2-aminobenzamides of formula VIII′ are produced by one of two routes. The first comprises reduction of the corresponding 2-nitrobenzamides, for instance by treatment with hydrogen in the presence of a PtO₂ catalyst. The 2-nitrobenzamide in turn may be produced by treatment of the corresponding 2-nitrobenzoic acid, which is optionally activated, with an amine of formula IX′ as defined above. The preparation of amines of formula IX′ is described in Reference Example 1B which follows. The steps to intermediate VIII′ are illustrated in the following Scheme 3. Steps (i), (ii) and (iii) in the scheme are described in Reference Examples 2B, 3B and 4B respectively, which follow and step (iii) is described in Reference Example 4B. Production of the amine IX′ is described in Reference Example 1B.

In process variant (b′) the intermediate of formula XII′ is prepared by hydrolysis of the corresponding methyl ester which, in turn, is prepared by treatment of commercially available methyl anthranilate with an acid chloride in the presence of triethylamine in dichloromethane. These steps are described in Reference Example 6 which follows.

In process variant (c′) the azalactone of formula XIII′ is prepared by treating commercially available anthranilic acid with an acid chloride of general formula R⁵¹—COCl in pyridine or a pyridine/dichloromethane mixture at 0° C. for 3-8 hours.

Compounds of formula (I) may be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and salts may be converted into the free compound, by conventional methods. Salts may be mono- or bis-salts. Bis-salts, or double salts, can be formed when there are two basic nitrogen atoms in the structure of the compound of formula (1). Suitable salts include salts with pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acids. Examples of inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and orthophosphoric acid. Examples of organic acids include p-toluenesulphonic acid, methanesulphonic acid, mucic acid and succinic acid. Bis-salts may include, in particular, bis-hydrochlorides and bis-mesylates.

The optional conversion of a compound of formula (I) into another compound of formula (I) may be carried out by conventional methods. For instance, a compound of formula (I) containing an esterified hydroxy group such as —OCOMe may be converted into a compound of formula (I) containing a free hydroxy group by hydrolysis, for instance alkaline hydrolysis. A compound of formula (I) containing a free hydroxy group may be converted into a compound of formula (I) containing an esterified hydroxy group by esterification, for instance by reaction with a suitable carboxylic acid, acid halide or acid anhydride.

A compound containing a halogen may be converted into a compound containing an aryl group by Suzuki coupling (Miyaura M, Yanagi T and Suzuki, A, Synth. Commun. 1981 vol 11, p.513). A compound of formula (I) containing a nitro group may be converted into a compound of formula (I) containing an amino group by reduction, for instance by treatment with hydrogen gas in the presence of a PtO₂ catalyst. Similarly, a compound of formula (I) containing a nitro group may be converted into a compound of formula (I) containing a hydroxyamino group —NHOH by reduction, for instance by treatment with hydrogen gas in the presence of a PtO₂ catalyst under suitably controlled conditions.

Cancer cells which exhibit multi-drug resistance, referred to as MDR cells, display a reduction in intracellular drug accumulation compared with the corresponding drug-sensitive cells. As discussed above, studies using in vitro derived MDR cell lines have shown that MDR is often associated with increased expression of a plasma membrane glycoprotein (P-gp) which has drug binding properties. P-gp is thought to function as an efflux pump for many hydrophobic compounds, and transfection studies using cloned P-gp have shown that its overexpression can confer the MDR phenotype on cells: see, for example, Ann. Rev. Biochem 58 137-171 (1989).

A major function of P-gp in normal tissues is to export intracellular toxins from the cell. There is evidence to suggest that overexpression of P-gp may play a clinical role in multi-drug resistance. Increased levels of P-gp mRNA or protein have been detected in many forms of human cancers—leukaemias, lymphomas, sarcomas and carcinomas. Indeed, in some cases P-gp levels have been found to be increased in tumour biopsies obtained after relapse from chemotherapy.

Inhibition of P-gp function in P-gp mediated MDR has been shown to lead to a net accumulation of anti-cancer agent in the cells. For example, Verapamil a known calcium channel blocker was shown to sensitise MDR cells to Vinca alkaloids in vitro and in vivo: Cancer Res., 41, 1967-1972 (1981). The proposed mechanism of action involves competition with the anti-cancer agent for binding to the P-gp. A range of structurally unrelated resistance-modifying agents acting by this mechanism have been described such as tamoxifen (Nolvadex:ICI) and related compounds, and cyclosporin A and derivatives.

Anthranilic acid derivatives of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts (hereinafter referred to as “the present compounds”) have been found in biological tests to have activity as inhibitors of P-gp. They can be used to modulate MDR, in particular P-gp mediated MDR. The results are set out in Example 1 which follows. As P-gp inhibitors the present compounds may be used as multi-drug resistance modifying agents, also termed resistance-modifying agents, or RMAs. The present compounds can modulate, e.g. reduce, or eliminate multi-drug resistance, especially that which is P-gp mediated.

The present compounds can therefore be used in a method of potentiating the cytotoxicity of an agent which is cytotoxic to a tumour cell. Such a method comprises, for instance, administering one of the present compounds to the tumour cell whilst the tumour cell is exposed to the cytotoxic agent in question. The therapeutic effect of a chemotherapeutic, or antineoplastic, agent may thus be enhanced. The multi-drug resistance of a tumour cell to a cytotoxic agent during chemotherapy may be reduced or eliminated.

The present compounds can also be used in a method of treating a disease in which the responsible pathogen exhibits multi-drug resistance, especially P-gp mediated multi-drug resistance for instance multi-drug resistant forms of malaria (Plasmodium falciparum), tuberculosis, leishmaniasis and amoebic dysentery. Such a method comprises, for instance, administering one of the present compounds with (separately, simultaneously or sequentially) the drug to which the pathogen concerned exhibits multi-drug resistance. The therapeutic effect of a drug directed against a multidrug resistant pathogen may thus be potentiated.

A human or animal patient harbouring a tumour may be treated for resistance to a chemotherapeutic agent by a method comprising the administration thereto of one of the present compounds. The present compound is administered in an amount effective to potentiate the cytotoxicity of the said chemotherapeutic agent. Examples of chemotherapeutic or antineoplastic agents which are preferred in the context of the present invention include Vinca alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine; anthracycline antibiotics such as daunorubicin and doxorubicin; mitoxantrone; actinomycin D; taxanes e.g. taxol; epipodophyllotoxins e.g. etoposide and plicamycin.

The present compounds may also be used in a method of enhancing the absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or elimination characteristics of a therapeutic agent, which method comprises administering to a patient, separately, simultaneously or sequentially, one of the present compounds and the said therapeutic agent. In particular this method may be used to enhance the penetration of the therapeutic agent into the central nervous system, or to enhance the oral absorption of the therapeutic agent.

For instance, the present compounds can be used in a method of facilitating the delivery of drugs across the blood brain barrier, and in the treatment of AIDS or AIDS related complex. A human or animal patient in need of such treatment may be treated by a method comprising the administration thereto of one of the present compounds.

The present compounds can be administered in a variety of dosage forms, for example orally such as in the form of tablets, capsules, sugar- or film-coated tablets, liquid solutions or suspensions or parenterally, for example intramuscularly, intravenously or subcutaneously. The present compounds may therefore be given by injection or infusion.

The dosage depends on a variety of factors including the age, weight and condition of the patient and the route of administration. Typically, however, the dosage adopted for each route of administration when a compound of the invention is administered alone to adult humans is 0.001 to 50 mg/kg, most commonly in the range of 0.01 to 5 mg/kg, body weight. Such a dosage may be given, for example, from 1 to 5 times daily by bolus infusion, infusion over several hours and/or repeated administration.

An anthranilic acid derivative of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is formulated for use as a pharmaceutical or veterinary composition also comprising a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable carrier or diluent. The compositions are typically prepared following conventional methods and are administered in a pharmaceutically or veterinarily suitable form. An agent for use as a modulator of multi-drug resistance comprising any one of the present compounds is therefore provided.

The present compounds may be administered in any conventional form, for instance as follows:

A) Orally, for example, as tablets, coated tablets, dragees, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, liquid solutions, dispersible powders or granules, emulsions, hard or soft capsules, or syrups or elixirs. Compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any method known in the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions and such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of sweetening agents, flavouring agents, colouring agents and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations.

Tablets contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets. These excipients may be for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, dextrose, saccharose, cellulose, corn starch, potato starch, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example, maize starch, alginic acid, alginates or sodium starch glycolate; binding agents, for example starch, gelatin or acacia; lubricating agents, for example silica, magnesium or calcium stearate, stearic acid or talc; effervescing mixtures; dyestuffs, sweeteners, wetting agents such as lecithin, polysorbates or lauryl sulphate. The tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and adsorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period. For example, a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed. Such preparations may be manufactured in a known manner, for example by means of mixing, granulating, tableting, sugar coating or film coating processes.

Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is present as such, or mixed with water or an oil medium, for example, peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.

Aqueous suspensions contain the active materials in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions. Such excipients are suspending agents, for example, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate.

The said aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives, for example, ethyl or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more colouring agents, such as sucrose or saccharin.

Oily suspension may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin. The oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol.

Sweetening agents, such as those set forth above, and flavouring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by this addition of an antioxidant such as ascorbic acid. Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active ingredient in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, a suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients, for example sweetening, flavouring and colouring agents, may also be present.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also be in the form of oil-in-water emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oils, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these. Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring gums, for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally occuring phosphatides, for example soy bean lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids an hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan mono-oleate, and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The emulsion may also contain sweetening and flavouring agents. Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, sorbitol or sucrose. In particular a syrup for diabetic patients can contain as carriers only products, for example sorbitol, which do not metabolise to glucose or which only metabolise a very small amount to glucose.

Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavouring and coloring agents;

B) Parenterally, either subcutaneously, or intravenously, or intramuscularly, or intrasternally, or by infusion techniques, in the form of sterile injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions. This suspension may be formulated according to the known art using those suitable dispersing of wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic paternally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3-butane diol.

Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides. In addition fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables;

C) By inhalation, in the form of aerosols or solutions for nebulizers;

D) Rectally, in the form of suppositories prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperature but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug. Such materials are cocoa butter and poly-ethylene glycols;

E) Topically, in the form of creams, ointments, jellies, collyriums, solutions or suspensions.

Daily dosages can vary within wide limits and will be adjusted to the individual requirements in each particular case. In general, for administration to adults, an appropriate daily dosage is in the range of about 5 mg to about 500 mg, although he upper limit may be exceeded if expedient. The daily dosage can be administered as a single dosage or in divided dosages.

The invention will be further illustrated in the Examples which follow.

EXAMPLE 1 Testing of Compounds of Formula (I) and Their Salts as Modulators of MDR

Materials and Methods

The EMT6 mouse mammary carcinoma cell line and the MDR resistant subline AR 1.0 were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% foetal calf serum and 2 mM glutamine at 37° C. in 5% CO₂. Cells were passaged between 1 in 200 and 1 in 2000 in the case of the parental cell line and between 1 in 20 and 1 in 200 in the case of the MDR resistant subline, after trypsinisation (0.25% trypsin, 0.2 gl⁻¹, EDTA).

1. Drug accumulation assay

AR 1.0 cells were seeded 48 hours prior to assay into 96 well opaque culture plates (Canberra Packard). The assay medium contained a mixture of tritiated Daunorubicin (DNR) (0.3 μCi/Ml), a cytotoxic agent, and unlabelled DNR ((2 μM). Compounds of formula I were serially diluted in assay medium over a range of concentrations from 0.508 nM to 10 μM. The cells were incubated at 37° C. for 1 hr before washing and determination of cell associated radioactivity. Results are expressed as an IC₅₀ for accumulation where 100% accumulation is that observed in the presence of the known RMA verapamil at a concentration of 100 μM.

The results are set out in the following Table A.

TABLE A IC₅₀ (μM) Compound No. Accumulation 9591 0.425 9592 >10 9594 0.087 9595 0.37 9596 0.132 9597 0.087 9600 0.199 9606 >10 9608 0.224 9609 0.431 9612 0.087 9613 0.098 9614 0.278 9615 0.213 9616 0.113 9617 0.203 9621 0.453 9622 0.207 9623 1.89 9625 0.347 9626 0.278 9628 2.27 9629 >10 9630 0.235 9631 0.669 9632 0.431 9633 0.593 9634 6.955 9635 0.669 9636 0.184 9638 0.552 9639 0.108 9640 0.194 9641 0.0019 9642 0.341 9643 0.425 9645 0.179 9646 0.295 9647 0.033 9648 0.038 9649 0.188 9650 0.061 9651 0.071 9652 0.064 9653 0.490 9654 0.135 9655 0.557 9656 0.188 9657 0.343 9658 2.90 9659 1.38 9660 6.424 9661 0.362 9663 0.175 9664 1.679 9665 0.389 9666 8.672 9667 0.076 9668 0.087 9669 0.469 9677 0.169 9304 1.2 9405 0.3 9354 0.6 9350 0.8 9401 3.0 9394 3.4 9349 0.3 9398 1.5 9399 5.0 9424 2.5 9420 1.9 9435 1.9 9432 3.2 9410 3.0 9256 1.7 9297 0.4 9395 1.3 9331 1.3 9294 0.4 9295 0.39 9302 5.0 9310 1.2 9334 1.3 9351 9.0 9380 0.9 9381 3.0 9426 0.69 9427 0.53 9442 1.0 9459 0.65 9460 1.0 9377 5.5 9359 >10 9384 >10 9391 >10 9347 3.0 9383 2.0 9385 1.2 9389 1.8 9397 10 9365 2.0 9367 1.0 9531 0.035 9542 0.13 9543 0.07 9554 0.99 9541 0.02 9561 0.055 9562 0.024 9564 0.2 9568 0.017 9573 0.0095 9544 0.05 9571 0.022 9574 0.019 9576 0.064 9578 0.084 9581 0.015 9584 0.36 9588 0.094 9593 0.014 9586 0.18 9589 1.0 9545 0.8 9590 0.097 9472 0.5 9482 0.54 9483 1.7 9493 0.22 9527 0.052 9557 0.012 9582 1.27 9569 0.93 9456 0.3 9510 0.71 9511 0.37 9512 3.9 9489 0.15 9500 0.19 9501 0.12 9513 0.2 9514 0.25 9494 0.4 9495 0.5 9496 0.48 9497 1.6 9503 2.0 9504 0.26 9477 0.41 9517 0.4 9518 0.3 9535 0.45 9549 4.3 9559 2.06 9534 0.14 9540 1.2 9548 4.9 9523 1.6 9524 1.0 9556 0.86 9447 0.7 9461 1.8 9470 1.3 9476 0.35 9536 0.45 9538 0.22 9471 0.2 9492 1.0 9526 1.4 9515 1.2 9539 0.22 9466 1.4 9479 2.1 9567 0.16 9572 0.053 9577 0.32 9585 0.04

2. Potentiation of Doxorubicin toxicity

(a) Selected compounds of formula (I) were examined for their ability to potentiate the toxicity of doxorubicin in AR 1.0 cells. In initial proliferation assays compounds were titrated against a fixed concentration of doxorubicin (0.34 μm) which alone is non-toxic to AR 1.0 cells. After a four day incubation with doxorubicin proliferation was measured using the calorimetric sulphorhodamine B assay (Skehan et al; J Natl. Cancer Inst. 82 pp 1107-1112 (1990)). The results are shown in Table B.

(b) Cells were cultured for four days with a titration of doxorubicin (0.263 nM-17.24 μM) in the presence of a fixed concentration of each compound. Proliferation was quantified as described by Skehen et al, loc cit. The IC₅₀ (concentration required to reduce proliferation to 50% of the untreated controls) for doxorubicin alone and with each compound were derived and used to calculate the potentiation index (PI): ${PI} = \frac{{IC}_{50}\quad {for}\quad {Doxorubicin}\quad {alone}}{{IC}_{50}\quad {for}\quad {Doxorubicin}\quad {plus}\quad {RMA}}$

The results are shown in Tables C1 and C2.

TABLE B Compound Toxicity with Toxicity Cytotoxic Agent Compound No. (IC₅₀ μM) (IC₅₀ μM) 9304 8.0 0.15 9405 22 0.09 9354 8.0 0.15 9394 10 0.1 9349 5.5 0.14 9424 39 2.6 9420 7.0 0.4 9435 9.0 0.4 9432 35 0.2 9256 40 0.3 9297 18 0.33 9395 9.0 0.15 9331 7.0 0.04 9295 40 0.6 9310 22 0.24 9334 8.0 0.05 9351 43 1.3 9380 40 0.5 9381 50 1.5 9426 7.0 0.06 9427 10 0.10 9442 7.2 0.05 9459 8.5 0.09 9460 7.5 0.18 9347 35 0.6 9383 40 1.0 9385 40 0.55 9389 30 0.3 9365 42 0.8 9367 15 0.5 9531 1.1 0.005 9542 1.9 0.014 9543 0.9 0.008 9554 3.0 0.05 9541 0.86 0.006 9561 13 0.01 9562 1.7 0.0028 9564 0.4 0.008 9568 2.8 0.0034 9573 4.0 0.0004 9544 1.9 0.0077 9571 2.0 0.0008 9574 0.32 0.005 9576 0.93 0.0018 9578 0.9 0.0014 9581 0.31 0.0038 9584 8.6 0.015 9588 6.7 0.005 9593 7.0 0.005 9586 7.4 0.04 9589 36.8 4.4 9545 1.7 0.07 9590 9.5 0.05 9472 6.5 0.12 9482 12 0.22 9483 8.5 0.35 9493 9.0 0.05 9527 4.5 0.007 9557 9.0 0.02 9569 0.19 0.008 9456 5.0 0.03 9510 2.8 0.05 9511 4.0 0.06 9489 7.0 0.05 9500 5.0 0.009 9501 3.0 0.04 9514 7.0 0.07 9494 9.0 0.05 9495 4.0 0.04 9496 4.0 0.03 9497 9.0 0.08 9503 3.5 0.09 9504 5.0 0.06 9477 4.0 0.04 9517 2.0 0.05 9518 1.5 0.019 9535 2.6 0.015 9549 5.6 0.52 9534 6.6 0.0002 9540 6.2 1.0 9548 1.8 1.0 9447 6.8 0.065 9461 7.5 0.3 9470 3.5 0.075 9476 2.0 0.02 9536 2.65 0.015 9538 2.3 0.014 9471 2.6 0.02 9492 3.0 0.02 9539 1.7 0.011 9466 6.0 0.05 9567 1.7 0.028 9572 1.7 0.014 9577 7.7 0.00035 9585 9.2 0.022

TABLE C1 Potentiaton Index at RMA Concentration Compound 100 50 30 20 No. nM nM nM nM 10 nM 9594 601 307 159 11 9595 45 2.99 1.93 1.45 9596 354 131 44 2.68 9597 878 551 382 80 9600 2.55 1.98 9608 178 118 60 31 6.7 9609 68 19 7.4 3.4 1.4 9612 171 149 95 11 9613 168 97 35 3 9614 52 32 9 2 9615 175 85 23 2 9616 185 143 142 13 9617 81 15 4 1.5 9621 25 4.4 1.6 1.3 1.0 9622 79 46 15 8 1.8 9625 60 7 4 1 9626 27 8 4 1.2 9630 26 6 2 1 9631 67 20 9 1 9632 8 2.7 2.1 1.1 9633 13.7 3.4 1.3 1.0 9635 7 2 1.3 9636 131 46 22 2.6 9638 2.6 1.5 1.1 9639 136 78 34 2.6 9640 23.8 4.6 2.5 1 9641 162 46 17 1.5 9642 14 2.5 1.2 1.0 9643 6.7 2.4 1.5 1.0 9645 7.2 2.1 1.3 1.0 9646 4.8 1.3 1.1 1.0 9647 6 1 9648 34 16 9649 66 60 46 53 9650 33 14 3 3 9651 2.2 1.1 9652 7.6 1.8 1.2 9655 65 37 13 1.8 9660 1.4 1.2 1.1 9661 195 71 38 1.2 9663 82 74 80 50 9664 116 37 1.9 1 9665 50 28 7 1.4 9667 9668 9669 9677

TABLE C2 Potentiation Index at RMA Concentration: 300 100 Compound No. 500 nM nM nM 30 nM 10 nM 9304 30 9405 8.6 9354 20 9394 12 9349 22 9424 37 9420 25 9297 16 9395 21 9331 120 40 9294 71 18 9295 16 9426 65 9427 32 14 9442 67 27 9459 112 45 9460 36 18 9531 160 150 120 30 9542 160 128 9543 150 150 120 24 9554 90 9541 160 160 150 75 9561 100 60 14 9562 83 60 40 9564 129 9568 88 60 23 9573 100 94 83 9544 150 120 67 15 9571 100 100 38 9574 94 60 16 9576 280 225 78 9578 188 43 9581 300 90 9584 36 2.1 9588 68 6 9593 57 6 9586 6 5 9589 1 1 9590 14 2 9483 24 14 9493 200 85 7.6 9527 120 103 50 11 1.5 9557 100 1.2 9456 112 9510 267 120 12 9511 214 120 12 9489 303 192 77 9500 300 97 5.5 9501 183 69 1.9 9514 120 40 9494 148 38 9495 567 261 15 1.3 9496 825 254 19 1.6 9497 200 52 9503 77 36 9504 267 150 34 9477 63 29 9517 120 40 9518 240 120 9535 128 32 9447 340 40 9461 30 13 9470 90 26 9476 136 83 9536 128 32 9538 128 43 9471 230 115 9539 128 32 9466 60 30 9567 112 8 1.7 9572 83 25 2.7 9577 112 18 2.2 9585 7.2 1.3

3. Potentiation of toxicity of various cytotoxic agents

The potentiation indices of a selection of compounds using a variety of cell lines and a variety of cytotoxics other than doxorubicin were measured following the protocol described above for doxorubicin, and the results are shown in Table D.

TABLE D Potentiaton Index at RMA Compound Cell Concentration No. line Cytotoxic 50 nM 30 nM 10 nM 9594 2780AD Taxol 1126 425 18 9594 H69/LX Vincristine 356 79 2 4 9594 AR 1.0 Taxol 407 308 50 9596 2780AD Taxol 743 160 3.5 9596 H69/LX Vincristine 158 2 1 4 9597 2780AD Taxol 2070 1427 110 9597 H69/LX Vincristine 44 41 1 4 9608 H69/LX Taxol 130 17 1.6 4 9609 H69/LX Taxol 9 3 1 4 9612 H69/LX Taxol 1329 894 51 4 9613 H69/LX Taxol 877 236 2.2 4 9614 H69/LX Taxol 11 1.1 9576 AR 1.0 Etoposide 51 45 26

Reference Example 1A Preparation of amines of general formula IX

Amines of general formula IX were prepared as shown in the following Table 1

TABLE 1 Amine Preparation IX Structure Reference IX.a

see compound 2.2 in Example 2 of WO-A-96/20180 IX.b

see Method IX.b below IX.c

see Method IX.c below IX.d

see Method IX.d below IX.e

see Method IX.e below IX.f

see Method IX.f below IX.g

see Method IX.g below IX.h

see Method IX.h below IX.i

see Method IX.i below IX.j

see Method IX.j below IX.k

see Method IX.k below IX.l

see Method IX.l below IX.m

see Method IX.m below IX.n

see Method IX.n below IX.o

see Method IX.o below IX.p

see Method IX.p below Method IX.b

Reductive amination of 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde was performed as described in Method 2b(iv) to yield the intermediate secondary amine. Alternatively this amine may be prepared by reaction of veratrylamine with methyl chloroformate, followed by reduction of the carbamate using lithium aluminium hydride. A mixture of the amine (3.76 g), 4-nitrophenethylbromide (4.78 g) and sodium carbonate (3.3 g) in acetonitrile (25 ml) was heated to reflux for 3 hours. After cooling, aqueous work-up yielded an orange oil (1.75 g). The nitro group was reduced under an atmosphere of hydrogen over platinum(IV) dioxide catalyst in ethanol to yield amine IX.b(1.3 g).

A mixture of 4-nitrothiophenol (1.00 g, 6.44 mmol), 1,2-dibromoethane (1.39 ml, 2.5 equivalents) and potassium carbonate (2.22 g, 2.5 equivalents) in acetonitrile(15 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Aqueous work-up and fractional crystallisation gave the intermediate bromide(0.8 g, 47%).

A mixture of the bromide (336 mg, 1.28 mmol), 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (294 mg, 1.28 mmol) and potassium carbonate (372 mg, 2.1 equivalents) was heated to reflux in acetonitrile (10 ml) for 3 hours. Aqueous work-up and flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexane) yielded the desired tertiary amine(236 mg, 49%). Conc. hydrochloric acid(0.3 ml) was added to a suspension of the tertiary amine (236 mg, 0.63 mmol) in methanol(2 ml), iron(151 mg) was added, and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 2 hours. Aqueous work-up yielded amine IX.c as a gum(195 mg, 90%).

Method IX.d

This was prepared in an analogous method to IX.c using p-nitrophenol as the starting material. Reduction of the nitro group in this case was performed under an atmosphere of hydrogen over platinum(IV) dioxide catalyst in ethanol.

Sodium carbonate (611 mg, 5.76 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide (1.0 g, 3.84 mmol) in acetone-water (25 ml, 4:1). The mixture was cooled to 0° C. before adding benzylchloroformate (0.63 ml, 4.19 mmol). The mixture was allowed to warm up to RT and stirred for 2 days. The reaction mixture was filtered and separated and the filtrate concentrated under vacuum. The resulting aqueous solution was poured into EtOAc (80 ml), and the organic phase was washed with water (3×40 ml), then brine (40 ml), dried (MgSO₄) then concentrated under vacuum to afford a brown oil. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO₂; hexane:EtOAc, 1:1) afforded the benzyl carbamate (817 mg) as a white foam.

Sodium hydride (60% dispersion; 2.10 g, 0.05 mol) and methyl iodide (27.25 ml, 0.44 mol) were added to a solution of the benzyl carbamate(2.74 g, 8.75 mmol) in THF (100 ml). DMSO (50 ml) was then added and the reaction mixture heated at reflux over night. The reaction mixture was poured into EtOAc (200 ml) and water (100 ml). The organic phase was extracted, washed with water (3×100 ml) and brine (10 ml)), then dried (MgSO₄) to give a brown oil. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO₂; hexane:EtOAc, 2:1) afforded the dimethoxy intermediate (2.7 g) as a yellow crystalline solid.

The benzyl carbamate group was cleaved by dissolving the intermediate (2.7 g, 8.63 mmol) in MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ (1:1, 270 ml) and reducing with Pd/activated C (700 mg) for 4 days at atmospheric pressure and at 40 p.s.i for a further 12 hours. Filtration and reduction in vacuo afforded the crude secondary amine(1.89 g) as an orange oil.

The amine was then reacted with 4-nitrophenethylbromide and reduced as in Method IX.b to yield amine IX.e as an orange solid.

Method IX.f

A mixture of 4-nitrophenethylamine hydrochloride (770 mg, 3.8 mmol), α,α-dibromo-o-xylene (1.00 g, 3.8 mmol) and potassium carbonate(1.83 g, 13.3 mmol) was heated to reflux in acetonitrile(20 ml) for 2 hours. Aqueous work-up and flash chromatography (5% methanol in dichloromethane) yielded the desired tertiary amine (297 mg, 29%).

The nitro group was reduced using atmospheric hydrogenation over platinum(IV) dioxide catalyst in a methanol/dichloromethane mixture, and purified using flash chromatography(ethyl acetate/hexane)to yield amine IX.f (187 mg, 71%).

Method IX.g

A mixture of 3-nitrophenethyl alcohol (2.11 g), methanesulphonyl chloride (2.44 ml, 2.5 equivalents) and triethylamine (1.76 ml, 2 equivalents) in dichloromethane was stirred at 0° C. for 4.5 hours. Aqueous work-up afforded the desired mesylate as a yellow solid (2.27 g, 73%). To a solution of the mesylate(2.27 g,) in N,N-dimethylformamide (20 ml) was added 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (2.13 g, 1 equiv.) and potassium carbonate(3.2 g, 2.5 equivs.), and the reaction mixture heated to 100° C. for 4 hours. Aqueous work-up yielded the tertiary amine as a yellow oil (1.49 g, 47%).

Reduction of the nitro group in this case was performed under an atmosphere of hydrogen over platinum(IV) dioxide catalyst in ethanol and dichloromethane to yield IX.g (1.11 g).

Method IX.h

A mixture of 4-nitrophenol(10 g, 72 mmol), epichlorohydrin(11.2 ml, 144 mmol) and potassium carbonate(10 g, 72 mmol) was stirred in N,N-dimethylformamide at room temperature for 18 hours. Aqueous work-up yielded the intermediate epoxide as an off-white crystalline solid (10.8 g, 77%).

A mixture of the epoxide (1.09 g, 5.6 mmol), 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydochloride (2.1 g, 9.3 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.3 g, 9.3 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 ml) and water (5 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 72 hours. Aqueous work-up and purification using flash chromatography(ethyl acetate) yielded the desired alcohol as a white solid (390 mg, 50%). Hydrogenation of the nitro group was performed as described in Method IX.b to yield amine IX.h.

Method IX.i

A solution of 3-methyl-4-nitrobenzoic acid (5.0 g, 0.03 mol) and thionyl chloride (10 ml) in toluene 100 ml) was heated at reflux for 3 hrs then allowed to cool over night. The reaction mixture was reduced then azeotroped with toluene and hexanes to afford the acid chloride(quantitative) as an off-white, low melting solid. To diazomethane (prepared from N-methyl-N-nitrosotoluene-p-sulphonamide in excess, as described in Vogel's Practical Organic Chemistry, 4th edition, p 293) was added NEt₃ (4 ml). The reaction mixture was cooled (ice-bath) before adding slowly the acid chloride in Et₂O. After 2 hrs acetic acid was added until no more N₂ gas evolved. The reaction mixture was filtered, concentrated under vacuum, and the residue dissolved in Et₂O, washed (sat.NH₄Cl, aq. K₂CO₃, brine), dried (Na₂SO₄) and reduced until crystallisation began. Left to crystallise in the fridge before filtrating to afford the diazoketone(2.03 g) as pale brown crystals.

A solution of the diazoketone(2.0 g, 10.0 mmol) in EtOH (13 mmol) was heated at reflux to give a brown solution before adding slowly a solution of silver benzoate (125 mg, 0.54 mmol) in NEt₃ (2 ml). The mixture turned black and N₂ gas evolved. Further portions of silver benzoate were added until no more gas evolved and the reflux was continued for 55 min. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite, then concentrated under vacuum to afford a brown liquid. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO₂; 5% hexane-EtOAc) afforded the desired ethyl ester (1.46 g) as a yellow liquid. The ethyl ester (1.35 g, 6.05 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (50 ml) and water (20 ml) added until turbid. LiOH.H₂O (762 mg, 0.017 mol) was added and the mixture stirred at RT over night. The reaction mixture was made acidic with hydrochloric acid, extracted into CH₂Cl₂ (3×80 ml), dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated under vacuum to afford the desired acid (633 mg) as orange crystals.

A mixture of the acid (630 mg, 8.23 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (546 mg, 4.04 mmol) in DMF (30 ml) was stirred at RT for 10 min. 6,7-Dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (780 mg, 4.04 mmol) was added, followed by dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (667 mg, 3.23 mmol) and the reaction mixture stirred over night. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo, treated with dilute hydrochloric acid, and then dilute sodium hydroxide solution and extracted into CH₂Cl₂. The organic phase was washed (water then brine), dried (Na₂SO₄). The solvent was evaporated under vacuum to give a yellow residue. Purification by flash chromatography (SiO₂; hexane:EtOAc, 1:1) afforded the desired amide (760 mg) as an off-white crystalline solid. The nitro group was reduced using similar conditions as described in Method IX.b with Pd/activated C (50 mg). Purification by flash chromatography(SiO₂; hexane:EtOAc, 1:1) afforded the intermediate amine (695 mg) as a white foam. The amide (730 mg, 2.15 mmol) was reduced by adding a solution in tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) to a stirred suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (244 mg, 6.43 mmol) in THF (5 ml) at RT. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hrs, then cooled before carefully adding water (0.5 ml) in CH₂Cl₂ (20 ml). MgSO₄ was added and the reaction mixture stirred for 10 min, filtered and the filtrate evaporated under vacuum to afford the desired amine IX.i (661 mg) as an off-white crystalline solid.

Method IX.j

Using 3-methoxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid as the starting material, amine IX.j was prepared using an analogous method to IX.i.

A mixture of the amine (336 mg, 1.61 mmol), 4-nitrobenzyl bromide (289 mg, 1.34 mmol) and potassium carbonate (277 mg, 2.01 mmol) in acetonitrile (50 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours. Aqueous work-up afforded the desired intermediate and the nitro group was then reduced as in Method IX.b to yield IX.k as a yellow oil (380 mg).

Method Ix.l

A mixture of 2-(4-nitrophenyl)propionic acid (5.0 g, 26 mmol) and thionyl chloride (3.75 g, 52 mmol) was heated to reflux in toluene (30 ml) for 2 hours before cooling and removing the solvent in vacuo to yield the acid chloride. The acid chloride (5.47 g, 26 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (50 ml) at 0° C. and to this solution was added 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (3.7 g, 24 mmol) and triethylamine (5.4 ml, 39 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 7 hours. Acid/base work-up and flash chromatography (1% methanol in dichloromethane) yielded the desired amide (4.98 g, 56%).

The nitro group was reduced using atmospheric hydrogenation over palladium on carbon, and the amide was reduced to the desired amine IX.l using lithium aluminium hydride in tetrahydrofuran.

Method IX.m

Isovanillin was alkylated with iodobutane and then reductive amination was carried out as described in Method 2b(iv) to yield the intermediate secondary amine. Reaction of this amine with 4-nitrophenethylbromide in acetonitrile, and then hydrogenation of the nitro group under atmospheric hydrogen over platinum(IV) dioxide catalyst yielded the desired amine IX.m.

Method IX.n

The mesylate was prepared from 3-nitrophenethylbromide as for Method IX.g. A mixture of the mesylate (1.0 g, 4.1 mmol) and sodium cyanide (400 mg, 8.2 mmol) was stirred in dimethylsulphoxide (25 ml) at 90° C. for 7 days. Aqueous work-up yielded the desired nitrile (651 mg, 91%).

The nitrile (615 mg) was heated to reflux in a 1.5M solution of sodium hydroxide (25 ml) for 5 hours. Aqueous work-up afforded the intermediate carboxylic acid (548 mg). This was converted to the acid chloride using thionyl chloride in toluene and then reacted with 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline to yield the amide. The amide and the nitro group were then reduced in an analogous manner to Method IX.i to yield amine IX.n.

Method IX.o

A mixture of 3,4-dimethoxybenzoyl chloride (3.9 g, 19.2 mmol) and 7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahyroisoquinoline (2.81 g, 15.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (200 ml) was stirred for 2 hours and then filtered. The filtrate was collected and after aqueous work-up and flash chromatography (1-10% methanol in dichloromethane) the desired amide was afforded as a yellow oil (3.25 g, 46%). Reduction of the nitro group and the amide is then analogous to Method IX.i. Amine IX.o was obtained as a yellow oil (1.37 g).

Method IX.p

4-Nitrophenethylamine hydrochloride and 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde were stirred in methanol with triethylamine for 3 hours. Hexane was then added to prepicitate the desired imine which was collected by filtration. The imine was reduced to the intermediate secondary amine using sodium borohydride in methanol, and this amine was then alkylated by heating to reflux for 16 hours with 2-iodopropane and potassium carbonate in acetonitrile. Hydrogenation of the nitro group using palladium on carbon under an atmosphere of hydrogen yielded amine IX.p as a yellow gum.

Reference Example 1B Preparation of Amines of General Formula IX′

Amines of general formula IX′ were prepared as shown in the following table 3.

TABLE 3 (IX′)

Amine Preparation IX′ r s R¹¹ R²¹ Reference IX′.a 0 2 OMe OMe see compound 3.5 in Example 3 of WO-A- 96/20180 IX′.b 1 2 OMe OMe see compound 2.2 in Example 2 of WO-A- 96/20180 IX′.c 0 2 H H see compound 3.4 in Example 3 of WO-A- 96/20180 IX′.d 0 3 OMe OMe see below IX′.e 1 1 OMe OMe see compound 2.7 in Example 2 of WO-A- 96/20180 IX′.f 1 3 OMe OMe see compound 2.10 in Example 2 of WO-A- 96/20180 IX′.g 1 2 H H see compound 2.3 in Example 2 of WO-A- 96/20180

Preparation of 3-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-propylamine (IX′d)

A mixture of 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (5 g, 20 mmol), 3-chloropropionitrile (1.96 g, 20 mmol) and potassium carbonate (9 g, 60 mmol) in DMF (100 ml) was heated at 100° C. for 4 hours. Concentration in vacuo, followed by work-up and concentration yielded the intermediate nitrile as a pale yellow solid (3.68 g).

To a solution of the intermediate nitrile (600 mg, 2.44 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (5 ml) was added a suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (280 mg, 7.32 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (25 ml) at 0° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. Reaction was stirred for 30 minutes and then allowed to warm to room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction was quenched by the slow addition of water (0.28 ml), NaOH (2N, 0.28 ml) and water (0.9 ml). The mixture was dried over magnesium sulphate and filtered. The organic layer was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound IX′.d as a yellow oil (510 mg).

Reference Example 2A Preparation of 2-nitrobenzamides of General Formula V

V.13

A mixture of 4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzoic acid (7.0 g, 0.031 mol) and thionyl chloride (4.5 ml, 2 equivalents) was heated to reflux in toluene (140 ml) for 2 hours. After cooling the solvent was removed in vacuo to yield the acid chloride as a yellow solid(quantitative yield).

A mixture of acid chloride (851 mg), amine IX.m (1.09 g), and triethylamine (1 equivalent) in dichloromethane (18 ml) was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature. Aqueous work-up and flash chromatography(ethyl acetate) yielded the desired 2-nitrobenzamide V.13 as a white solid (737 mg).

Following an analogous synthetic route and utilising the appropriately substituted nitrobenzoic acid or nitrobenzoyl chloride and amine IX, the nitro compounds of formula V listed in Table 4 were prepared.

TABLE 4 Nitrobenzoic Acid or Nitrobenzoyl Amine chloride IX Nitrobenzamide V

IX.a

IX.b

IX.c

IX.d

IX.e

IX.f

IX.g

IX.h

IX.i

IX.j

IX.k

IX.l

IX.n

IX.o

IX.a

IX.a

IX.p

In a variation of the above scheme a 2-nitro-5-halobenzamide such as V.16 or V.26 may be converted into another compound of formula V by the displacement of the halide with a suitable nucleophile such as an amine or a thiol in a suitable solvent such as N.N-dimethylformamide or acetonitrile.

V.18

To a solution of V.16 (200 mg, 0.42 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (2 ml) was added sodium thiomethoxide (50 mg, 0.72 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 72 hours. The mixture was then diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine , dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield V.18 as a yellow solid (190 mg, 89%).

Nitrobenzamide V.17 was prepared by heating to reflux a mixture of V.26 in acetonitrile with excess dimethylamine(40% aqueous solution) for 8 hours.

Reference Example 2B Preparation of 2-nitrobenzamides of General Formula VI′ N-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-2-nitro-4-trifluoromethyl-benzamide (VI′.24)

A mixture of 2-nitro-α,α,α-trifluoro-p-toluic acid (0.25 g, 1.06 mmol), thionyl chloride (0.5 ml) and toluene (5.0 ml) was heated at reflux for 4 hours. The solution was concentrated in vacuo and azeotroped with toluene to yield crude acid chloride. This was added to a solution of amine IX′.b (0.28 g, 0.88 mmol) and triethylamine (0.18 ml, 1.33 mmol) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Following work-up compound VI′.24 was obtained as an off-white powder (0.44 g) after trituration with ether.

Following an analogous synthetic route and utilising the appropriate nitrobenzoic acid V′ and amine IX′ the nitro compounds of formula VI′ listed in the following Table 5 were prepared.

TABLE 5 Nitrobenzoic Amine Acid V′ IX′ Nitrobenzamide VI′

IX′.b

IX′.b

IX′.g

IX′.b

Reference Example 3A Preparation of 2-aminobenzamides of General Formula VI from the Corresponding Nitro Compounds

VI.12

A solution of V.12 (140 mg, 0.30 mmol) in ethanol (5 ml) and CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) was purged with nitrogen and a slurry of platinum (IV) oxide (30 mg) was added. The mixture was stirred under hydrogen at atmospheric pressure for 2 hours, filtered through Celite™ and concentrated in vacuo to yield VI.12 as a white foam (126 mg, 96%).

Following analogous procedures the amino benzamides VI listed in Table 6 were prepared.

TABLE 6 2- Nitro Aminobenzamide Compound V VI V.1 VI.1 V.2 VI.2 V.4 VI.4 V.5 VI.5 V.6 VI.6 V.7 VI.7 V.8 VI.8 V.9 VI.9 V.10 VI.10 V.11 VI.11 V.13 VI.13 V.14 VI.14 V.15 VI.15 V.17 VI.17 V.28 VI.28

Alternatively for compounds containing a sulphur atom the following method can be used.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid (140μL) was added to a solution of the nitrobenzamide, V.3 (147 mg, 0.30 mmol) in methanol (2 ml). Iron (72 mg) was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 80° C. for 2 hours, before cooling. The reaction mixture was basified (saturated sodium carbonate solution), extracted into ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield an off-white solid which was purified using flash chromatography(ethyl acetate) to yield the desired 2-aminobenzamide, VI.3 (47 mg, 34%).

Following an analogous procedure the following 2-aminobenzamide was prepared.

Reference Example 3B Preparation of 2-aminobenzamides of General Formula VIII′ from the Corresponding Nitro Compounds 2-Amino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide (VIII′.23)

A solution of VI′.23 (12 g, 0.026 mol) in ethanol (200 ml) and CH₂Cl₂ (160 ml) was purged with nitrogen and a slurry of platinum (IV) oxide (240 mg) was added. The mixture was stirred under hydrogen at atmospheric pressure for 4 hours, filtered through Celite™ and concentrated in vacuo. Recrystallisation from methanol afforded white crystals of VIII′.23 (9.6 g).

Following analogous procedures the aminobenzamides VIII′ listed in the following Table 7 were prepared.

TABLE 7 Nitro Compound 2-Aminobenzamide VIII′ VI′.24

VI′.25

VI′.26

VI′.27

Reference Example 4A Preparation of 2-aminobenzamides of General Formula VI from the Corresponding Anthranilic Acids

VI.19

A solution of 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (500 mg, 3.60 mmol), amine IX.a (1.12 g, 3.60 mmol), N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (1.68 g, 3.96 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (486 mg, 3.60 mmol) and triethylamine (501 μL, 3.60 mmol) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (30 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 5 days. Following aqueous work-up and recrystallisation from ethyl acetate the title compound, VI.19 was obtained as a pale yellow solid (733 mg). Following procedures analogous to that described above, the aminobenzamides listed in Table 8 were prepared.

TABLE 8 2- Anthranilic Amine Aminobenzamide Acid V IX VI

IX.a VI.24

IX.b VI.25

IX.b VI.27

IX.b VI.29

IX.b VI.30

Reference Example 4B Preparation of 2-aminobenzamides of General Formula VIII′ from the Corresponding Anthranilic Acids

2-Amino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-5-methyl-benzamide (VIII′.12)

A solution of 2-amino-5-methyl benzoic acid (190 mg, 0.96 mmol), amine IX′.b (300 mg, 0.96 mmol), N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (449 mg, 1.06 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (143 mg, 1.06 mmol) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. Following work-up and flash chromatography on silica gel in methanol:ethyl acetate (2:98) the title compound, VIII′.12 was obtained as a pale yellow solid (58 mg).

2-Amino-N-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-4-fluoro-benzamide (VIII′.07)

To a stirred solution of N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (238 mg, 0.56 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (76 mg, 0.56 mmol) in anhydrous CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) was added 2-amino-4-fluorobenzoic acid (80 mg, 0.52 mmol) followed by triethylamine (0.08 ml, 0.57 mmol) and amine IX′.a (200 mg, 0.51 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. Work-up and flash column chromatography over silica gel in methanol:dichloromethane (5:95) gave the aminobenzamide VIII′.07 as a yellow solid (57 mg).

Following procedures analogous to the two described above the aminobenzamides listed in the Table 9 were prepared.

TABLE 9 Anthrani- -lic Acid Amine 2-Aminobenzamide V′ IX′ VIII′

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.a

IX′.b

IX′.b

IX′.b

IX′.b

IX′.b

IX′.b

IX′.d

IX′.c

IX′.f

IX′.e

IX′.b

IX′.b

Reference Example 5 Preparation of 2-aminoamides of General Formula VI from the Corresponding 2-aminoester VII

VI.20

To a solution of methyl 3-amino-2-thiophene carboxylate (7.56 g, 48.1 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 ml) was added a solution of di-t-butyl dicarbonate (11.55 g, 52 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 ml) followed by 4-dimethylaminopyridine (600 mg, 4.8 mmol). After stirring for 4 hours at room temperature the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield a gum which was purified using flash chromatography (10% ethyl acetate in hexane) to yield the desired t-butyl carbamate (4.40 g, 36%).

To a solution of the t-butyl carbamate (1.01 g, 3.95 mmol) in tetrahydofuran (4 ml) and methanol (8 ml) was added a solution of sodium hydroxide (316 mg, 7.9 mmol) in water (4 ml). After stirring for 18 hrs at room temperature the reaction mixture was acidified to pH 4, extracted into ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield the desired acid as a white solid (800 mg, 83%).

A mixture of the carboxylic acid intermediate (150 mg, 0.62 mmol), N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (288 mg, 0.68 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (92 mg, 0.68 mmol) and IX.a (175 mg, 0.56 mmol) in dry dichloromethane(8 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 3 days. The reaction mixture was then diluted with dichloromethane, washed with water and saturated sodium carbonate solution, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield a yellow gum which was purified using flash chromatography(silica, ethyl acetate) to yield the desired amide as a white foam (112 mg, 33%).

Anhydrous hydrogen chloride gas was bubbled through a suspension of the amide (202 mg, 0.38 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane for 10 seconds and the reaction mixture stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was then basified(sodium carbonate) and extracted into ethyl acetate, dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield aminoamide, VI.20, as a white solid (151 mg, 91%).

Following analogous procedures the following aminoamides were prepared.

TABLE 10 Starting amino ester VII Amine IX Aminoamide VI

IX.a VI.21

IX.a VI.22

IX.a VI.23

Reference Example 6A Preparation of Non-commercially Available Acids of General Formula R⁹—CO₂H

i)

To a hot solution of 2-chloro-3-quinolinecarboxaldehyde (500 mg, 2.61 mmol) in t-butanol (7 ml) and water (12 ml) was added a hot solution of potassium permanganate (580 mg, 3.67 mmol) in water (15 ml) dropwise over a period of 15 minutes. After stirring for 1 hour at reflux, the reaction mixture was allowed to cool, and the MnO₂ precipitate was filtered off and washed with water and t-butanol. The pH of the filtrate was adjusted to pH 5 using 2N hydrochloric acid solution, and was then extracted with chloroform, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield the acid as a yellow solid (210 mg, 39%).

The desired acid could alternatively be obtained by basic hydrolysis using sodium or lithium hydroxide from the corresponding ester such as 2-methyl-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester or 4-hydroxy-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester in a suitable solvent such as 1,4-dioxane or methanol

Reference Example 6B Preparation of Acids of General Formula R⁵¹—CO₂H

(i) 4-cyclohexyloxybenzoic acid

Potassium carbonate (2.26 g, 16.4 mmol) was added to a solution of methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (1.0 g, 6.6 mmol) and cyclohexyl bromide (1.62 ml, 13.1 mmol) in dimethylformamide (20 ml). The mixture was heated at 100° C. for 24 hours, cooled, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Work up followed by flash chromatography over silica gel (hexane:ethyl acetate, 5:1) afforded methyl-4-cyclohexylbenzoate (169 mg). This was dissolved (162 mg, 0.69 mmol) in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (10 ml) and water (5 ml) and lithium hydroxide monohydrate (32 mg, 0.76 mmol) added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. A further quantity of lithium hydroxide was added (32 mg) and stirring continued for 4 hours. The mixture was added to ethyl acetate, washed with brine and concentrated to yield the title compound as a yellow solid (27 mg ).

(ii) 6-methoxy-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid

To a solution of 6-methoxy-3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde (50 mg, 0.36 mmol; prepared according to the method of Comins and Killpack, J. Org. Chem., 1990, 55, 69-73) in t-butanol (0.5 ml) was added a solution of potassium permanganate (81 mg) in water (1.0 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for two hours, and then saturated sodium sulphite solution was added until the purple colour disappeared. Reaction mixture was extracted with chloroform several times as it was gradually acidified with dilute HCl (2N). Chloroform extracts were concentrated in vacuo to yield the title compound (42 mg) as a white solid.

(iii) 5-Propionylpyrazinecarboxylic acid

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (70%, 1.0 ml, 7.25 mmol) and a solution of FeSO₄.7H₂O (3.02 g, 10.9 mmol) in water (8 ml) were added concurrently to a solution of methyl-2-pyrazine carboxylate (250 mg, 1.81 mmol) and propionaldehyde (0.78 ml, 0.9 mmol) in H₂SO₄ (0.75 ml) at 0 C. The reaction was allowed to warm to room temperature and was stirred for 2 hours. Solid Na₂S₂O₅ was added (until starch/iodide test negative) and the mixture extracted with dichloromethane. Concentration in vacuo and flash column chromatography over silica gel in ethyl acetate:hexane (15:85) yielded methyl-5-propionyl-2-pyrazinecarboxylate as a pale yellow solid (106 mg). The methyl ester was treated with LiOH (25 mg, 0.6 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 ml) and water (0.5 ml). After 2 hours at room temperature the mixture was acidified with HCl (2N). Work-up followed by concentration of the organic phase in vacuo gave the title compound (92 mg).

(iv) 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid

A mixture of 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (1.73 g, 10.0 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (20 ml) with platinum dioxide (200 mg) was shaken in a Parr vessel at 10-15 psi. After 90 minutes the reaction mixture was filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield an oil. The oil was added dropwise onto diethyl ether yielding a white solid which was collected by filtration and then recrystallised from ethyl acetate/hexane to yield the title compound as a white solid (770 mg).

Example 2 Preparation of Compounds of Formula I by Process Variant (a)

Method A

9616

A mixture of 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (500 mg, 2.89 mmol), thionyl chloride (0.42 ml, 5.8 mmol) and toluene (15 ml) was heated at reflux for two hours. The mixture was cooled and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield the acid chloride as a white solid.

To a solution of amine VI.22 (67 mg, 0.15 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (2 ml) was added acid chloride (41 mg, 1.4 equivalents) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The resulting solution was allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane (30 ml), washed with saturated sodium carbonate solution (2×20 ml), dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield a solid which was purified using flash chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate) to yield 9616 as a white solid (39 mg, 44%).

Where available the acid chloride, R⁹—COCl, was purchased directly. Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner are listed in Table 11 below.

Method B

9653

A solution of amine VI.7 (165 mg), 5-methylpyrazine carboxylic acid (63 mg, 1.2 equivalents), cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (162 mg, 1.0 equivalent) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate (51 mg, 1.0 equivalent) in dry dichloromethane (15 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with dichloromethane, washed with water and saturated sodium carbonate solution, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield a solid which was purified using flash chromatography(silica gel, ethyl acetate) to yield 9653 as a white solid (31 mg).

Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner are listed in Table 11 below.

Method C

9617

To a solution of 6-methylnicotinic acid (21 mg, 0.15 mmol) and amine VI.22 (50 mg, 0.11 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (2 ml) was added 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (41 mg, 0.15 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 7 days. Saturated sodium carbonate solution (15 ml) was added and the mixture extracted with dichloromethane (30 ml) twice. The combined organic layers were dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography over silica gel (ethyl acetate) yielded 9617 (11 mg, 18%) as a white solid.

Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner are listed in Table 11 below.

TABLE 11 Amine of Formula Acid Compound of VI Substituent R⁹ Method Formula I VI.1

A 9591 VI.1

B 9592 VI.20

A 9594 VI.17

A 9595 VI.17

A 9596 VI.20

A 9597 VI.24

A* 9600 VI.1

A 9606 VI.21

A 9608 VI.21

A 9609 VI.2

A 9612 VI.2

A 9613 VI.15

A 9614 VI.18

A 9615 VI.22

A 9616 VI.22

C 9617 VI.3

A 9621 VI.19

A* 9622 VI.4

A 9623 VI.5

A 9625 VI.6

A 9626 VI.4

A 9632 VI.7

A 9633 VI.1

A 9635 VI.1

A 9638 VI.8

A 9648 VI.9

A 9650 VI.10

A 9651 VI.11

A 9652 VI.7

B 9653 VI.12

A 9654 VI.13

A 9656 VI.10

B 9657 VI.9

A 9658 VI.10

A 9659 VI.14

A 9660 VI.11

A 9661 VI.25

A 9663 VI.23

A* 9666 VI.27

A 9667 VI.29

A 9668 VI.28

A 9669 VI.30

A* 9677

* In these examples acetonitrile at a temperature ranging from room temperature to reflux was used instead of dichloromethane.

Reference Example 7 Synthesis of the Intermediate Bromide of Formula XII

A bromide of formula XIIa was prepared as follows:

To an ice-cold solution of 7a,4-nitrophenylethyl alcohol (5.0 g, 29.9 mmol) and imidazole (2.25 g, 32.9 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (200 ml) was added dimethylthexylsilyl chloride (6.5 ml, 33.2 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 16 hrs then diluted with Et₂O (200 ml). The ethereal solution was washed with water (200 ml), 2N HCl (200 ml) and brine (200 ml), dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to afford compound 7b (10 g) as a yellow liquid.

7c

To a solution of 7b (10 g, 32.6 mmol) in EtOH (250 ml) was added PtO₂ (400 mg) before introducing H₂ gas. The reaction mixture was stirred vigorously for 3 days, filtered through celite and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to afford the compound 7c (9.88 g) as a yellow liquid.

7d

To a cold (0° C.) solution of 7d (8.78 g, 31.75 mmol) and 2-nitrobenzoyl chloride (7.1 g, 38.11 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (40 ml) was added NEt₃ (6.6 ml, 47.64 mmol) and the reaction mixture allowed to warm to RT. After 16 hrs, the reaction mixture was washed with water (40 ml) and the aqueous washings were back-extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (2×40 ml). The combined organic phase was dried (MgSO₄) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to give a brown tar-like solid. This solid was stirred in hexane for 2 hrs to give a white solid which was filtered-off then dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ and filtered through a plug of flash silica gel. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford the compound 7d (6 g) as a white solid.

7e

7d (5.0 g, 11.7 mmol) was reduced as described for the reduction of 7c, using EtOH (100 ml), and PtO, (200 mg). The compound 7e (4.42 g) was obtained as a peach coloured solid.

7f

To a solution of 7e (4.75 g, 11.9 mmol) and 3-quinolinecarbonyl chloride (2.7 g, 14.3 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (70 ml) was added NEt₃ (2.5 ml, 17.9 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 16 hrs then poured into dilute sodium carbonate solution (70 ml). The layers were separated, the organic layer washed with water then dried (MgSO₄). The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give the compound 7f (4.9 g) as an off-white solid.

To a solution of 7f (4.78 g, 8.64 mmol) in THF (100 ml) at RT was added tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1M in THF; 19.2 ml, 17.28 mmol) and the solution left to stir for 4 days. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue dissolved in EtOAc (100 ml) before adding enough water to produce precipitation. The precipitate was filtered and washed with water then Et₂O. The residue was azeotroped with toluene and dried in vacuo to give the compound 7g (3 g) as a cream solid.

XIIa

To a solution of 7g (3.0 g, 7.29 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (3.8 g, 14.58 mmol) in DMF (25 ml) was added N-bromosuccinimide (2.6 g, 14.58 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 50° C. for 16 hrs, then cooled before adding MeOH (5 ml). After 5 min Et₂O was added until precipitation occurred. The precipitate was filtered and washed with Et₂O. The residue was dried in vacuo to give the compound XIIa (2.13 g) as an off-white solid.

Example 3 Preparation of Compounds of Formula (I) by Process Variant (b)

Scheme 3

A mixture of 3a(i) (68 mg, 0.35 mmol), which is a compound of formula XX, and was prepared as described below, XIIa (166 mg, 0.35 mmol), potassium carbonate (72 mg, 0.52 mmol) and tetrabutylammonium iodide (0.1 equivalents) in N,N-dimethylformamide(3 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 4 days. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield a brown gum. Flash chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate) and recrystallisation (methanol/dichloromethane) yielded 9630 as a white solid (43 mg, 21%).

Using an analogous method the following compounds of formula (I) were prepared.

Synthesis of Structure of amine Amine of formula Compound of of formula XX XX Formula (I)

see G.E. Stokker, Tetrahedron Letters, 1996,37, 5453-5456 9628

see G.E. Stokker, Tetrahedron Letters, 1996,37, 5453-5456 9629

see Method 3a(ii) below 9631

see Method 3a(iii) below 9634

see Method 3a(iv) below 9636

see Method 3a(v) below 9639

see Method 3a(vi) below 9640

see Method 3a(vii) below 9641

see Method 3a(viii) below 9642

see Method 3a(ix) below 9643

see Method 3a(x) below 9645

see Method 3a(xi) below 9646

see Method 3a(xii) below 9647

see Method 3a(xiii) below 9649

see Method 3a(xiv) below 9655

see Method 3a(xv) below 9664

see Method 3a(xvi) below 9665

Method 3a(i)

A solution of triethylamine (7.2 ml, 0.052 mol) and homoveratrylamnine (1.92ml, 0.011 mol) in dichloromethane (10 ml) was added to a solution of methyl chloroformate (8 ml, 0.103 mol) in dichloromethane (50 ml) and cooled to −78° C. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. It was then poured onto saturated sodium carbonate solution, extracted into dichloromethane, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield a yellow oil which was purified using flash chromatography (1% methanol in ethyl acetate) to yield the methyl carbamate (2.06 g, 78%).

A solution of the methyl carbamate (2.0 g, 8.37 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (60 ml) was added dropwise to a suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (1.59 g, 41.9 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (60 ml) and cooled to 0° C. The reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. Water (2.2 ml) was added to the reaction mixture, followed by 2N sodium hydroxide solution, further water (2.2 ml) and magnesium sulphate. After stirring for 15 mins the mixture was filtered and the filtrate was reduced in vacuo to yield 3a(i) as a yellow oil (1.61 g, 99%).

Method 3a(ii)

A mixture of 3,4-dimethylbenzoic acid (3.5 g, 23.33 mmol) and thionyl chloride (3.5 ml, 46.7 mmol) was heated to reflux in toluene for 2 hours before cooling and removing the solvent in vacuo to yield the crude acid chloride as an oil. This was dissolved in dichloromethane (50 ml) and a 40% solution of methylamine in water (18 ml, 10 equivalents) was added with ice cooling. After stirring for 48 hours aqueous work-up yielded a yellow solid which was purified using flash chromatography (silica; ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield the desired amide as a white solid (1.84 g, 49%).

To a solution of the amide (1.00 g, 6.13 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran(20 ml) was added lithium aluminium hydride (698 mg, 2 equivalents) and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours. After cooling and aqueous work-up a pale oil was obtained which was purified using flash chromatography (silica, ethyl acetate) to yield 3a(ii) as a colourless oil (175 mg, 19%).

Method 3a(iii)

To concentrated sulphuric acid (80 ml) cooled to 0° C. was added 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (20.2 ml, 161 mmol) dropwise. Potassium nitrate (17.5 g, 173 mmol) was added in portions carefully. After stirring for 16 hours the reaction mixture was basified with concentrated ammonium hydroxide solution, extracted into chloroform, dried over magnesium sulphate, and the solvent was removed in vacuo to yield a brown oil. This was dissolved in ethanol (120 ml) and conc. hydrochloric acid was added and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and recrystallised from methanol to yield the hydrochloride salt of 3a(iii) (11.2 g, 33%).

Methods 3a(iv), 3a(vi), 3a(vii), 3a(ix), 3a(x). 3a(xii), 3a(xiii), and 3a(xiv)

Amines 3a(iv), 3a(vi), 3a(vii), 3a(ix), 3a(x), 3a(xii), 3a(xiii), and 3a(xiv) were all prepared by reductive amination from the appropriate aromatic aldehyde. This involved reaction of the aldehyde with an amine such as methylamine, ethylamine or butylamine in a suitable solvent such as methanol or toluene. The resultant imine was reduced to the desired amine using hydrogenation over platinum(IV) dioxide catalyst in a suitable solvent such as ethanol, or by using lithium aluminium hydride in tetrahydrofuran.

Method 3a(v)

A mixture of 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (1.00 g, 6.57 mmol), 2-iodopropane (0.79 ml, 1.2 equivalents) and potassium carbonate (1.09 g, 1.2 equivalents) was heated to reflux in acetonitrile for 5 hours. Aqueous work-up yielded the desired intermediate aldehyde. Reductive amination as described in Method 3a(iv) yielded the desired amine 3a(v). Amines 3a(viii) and 3a~xi) were prepared in an analogous method using the appropriate commercially available aldehyde and reacting with an alkylating agent such as 1-iodobutane or 2-iodopropane and then reductive amination to the desired amine.

Method 3a(xv)

A solution of 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hydrochloride (5.0 g, 22 mmol) in an excess mixture of 48% hydrobromic acid (80 ml) and 50% hypophosphoric acid (0.4 ml) was heated to reflux for 4 hours. The cooled reaction mixture was filtered and washed with methanol and ether to yield the desired dihydroxylated compound as a white solid (4.75 g, 88%). To a solution of this material (4.75 g) in a 4:1 mixture of acetone:water was added sodium carbonate (3.07 g) and the mixture was cooled in an ice bath. Benzyl chloroformate (3.06 ml) was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours before filtering. The filtrate was collected and aqueous work-up followed by flash chromatography (hexane/ethyl acetate) and trituration with ether yielded the benzyl carbamate (3.6 g, 62%).

To a solution of the benzyl carbamate (1 g, 3.34 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (50 ml) was added dibromomethane (0.28 ml, 3.99 mmol) and potassium carbonate (2.75 g, 19.7 mmol) and the mixture was heated to 100° C. for 1.5 hours. After cooling and filtering, the filtrate was collected and aqueous work-up and flash chromatography (hexane 5:1 ethyl acetate) yielded the desired 1,3 dioxolane (669 mg, 64%).

Atmospheric hydrogenation over palladium-on-carbon in a methanol/dichloromethane mixture cleaved the benzyl carbamate to yield the desired amine 3a(xv).

Method 3a(xvi)

To a solution of the intermediate benzyl carbamate (preparation above) (500 mg, 1.67 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) was added sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 385 mg, 10.03 mmol), iodoethane (6.6 ml, 83.6 mmol) and dimethylsulphoxide (5 ml). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 18 hours. After aqueous work-up and flash chromatography(hexane 5:1 ethyl acetate) twice, a yellow oil was yielded (549 mg, 92%). The benzyl carbamate was cleaved as above to yield amine 3a(xvi).

Example 4 Preparation of Compounds of Formula Ia by Coupling an Amine of Formula VIII′ with an Activated Acid of Formula R⁵¹CO₂H (Process Variant (a′)

Method A

Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide (9544)

A mixture of 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (4.0 g, 0.023 mol), thionyl chloride (3.4 ml, 0.046 mol) and toluene (100 ml) was heated at reflux for two hours. The mixture was cooled, reduced in vacuo and triturated in hexanes to afford crude acid chloride (4.15 g) as a white solid. To a suspension of the acid chloride (2.64 g, 14.0 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (100 ml) was added amine VIII.23 (4.0 g, 9.3 mmol) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The resulting solution was allowed to warm to room temperature and then stirred for a further hour. Dilute potassium carbonate solution was added (100 ml) and the mixture extracted with chloroform three times. The combined organic layers were dried over dry magnesium sulphate and evaporated until crystallisation was initiated. An equal volume of diethyl ether was added and the mixture left to crystallise, affording 9544 as a white solid (5.4 g).

Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner are listed in the Table below. Where available the acid chloride, R⁵¹—COCl, was purchased directly.

Method B

Furan-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide. (9526)

A solution of 3-furoic acid (19 mg, 0.17 mmol), amine VIII′.23 (75 mg, 0.17 mmol), cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (79 mg, 0.19 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate (25 mg, 0.19 mmol) in dry dichloromethane (5.0 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. Saturated brine was added and the mixture extracted into dichloromethane (25 ml) twice. The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulphate and concentrated in vacuo. Flash chromatography over silica gel (2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate) followed by recrystallisation from ethyl acetate afforded the title compound 9526 (18 mg) as a yellow crystalline solid. Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner are listed in the Table below.

Method C

N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-6-methyl-nicotinamide (9557)

To a solution of 6-methylnicotinic acid (47 mg, 0.34 mmol) and amine VIII′.23 (75 mg, 0.17 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (5.0 ml) was added triethylamine (0.05 ml, 0.34 mmol) followed by 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (44 mg, 0.17 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 days. Saturated sodium carbonate solution (15 ml) was added and the mixture extracted with dichloromethane (30 ml) twice. The combined organic layers were dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography over silica gel (2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate) followed by trituration in diethyl ether yielded the title compound (9557) (8 mg), as a white solid.

Method D

2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3-methyl-benzamide (9398).

Thionyl chloride (5 ml) was added to a suspension of 4-isopropylbenzoic acid (5.0 g, 0.03 mol) in toluene (50 ml) followed by dimethylformamide (1 drop). The mixture was heated at reflux for 2 hours, cooled and reduced in vacuo to afford the crude acid chloride (5.5 g) as a yellow oil. This acid chloride (68 mg, 0.37 mmol) was added to a mixture of amine VIII′.08 (110 mg, 0.3 mmol) and 2M sodium hydroxide solution while cooling in an ice/water bath. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred vigorously for 5 hours. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (15 ml) twice, brine (15 ml) once, dried over magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography (2% methanol/98% dichloromethane) over silica gel followed by trituration with diethyl ether afforded 9398 (16 mg) as a white solid. Recrystallisation of the residue of the mother liquors afforded a second crop of title compound (15 mg). Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner are listed below in Table 12.

TABLE 12 Amine of Compound Formula R₅ in acid of Formula VIII′ R⁵¹—COOH Method Ia VIII′.02

A 9405 VIII′.03 A 9354 VIII′.04 A 9350 VIII′.05 D 9401 VIII′.06 A 9394 VIII′.07 A 9349 VIII′.09 D 9399 VIII′.10 A 9420 VIII′.11 A 9410 VIII′.01

A 9256 VIII′.01

A 9395 VIII′.01

A 9331 VIII′.01

A 9334 VIII′.01

A 9351 VIII′.01

A 9380 VIII′.01

A 9381 VIII′.01

A 9426 VIII′.01

A 9427 VIII′.01

A 9442 VIII′.01

A 9459 VIII′.01

A 9460 VIII′.01

B 9377 VIII′.01

A 9359 VIII′.01

A 9384 VIII′.01

A 9391 VIII′.01

A 9347 VIII′.01

B 9383 VIII′.01

B 9385 VIII′.01

B 9389 VIII′.01

A 9397 VIII′.01

A 9365 VIII′.01

A 9367 VIII′.23

A 9531 VIII′.12 A 9543 VIII′.13 A 9541 VIII′.24 A 9561 VIII′.14 A 9562 VIII′.15 A 9564 VIII′.16 A 9568 VIII′.17 A 9573 VIII′.14

A 9571 VIII′.16 A 9574 VIII′.17 A 9576 VIII′.25 A 9578 VIII′.13 A 9581 VIII′.12 A 9584 VIII′.28 A 9588 VIII′.29 A 9593 VIII′.27 A 9586 VIII′.23

A 9545 VIII′.23

A 9590 VIII′.23

B 9472 VIII′.23

A 9482 VIII′.23

A 9483 VIII′.23

A 9493 VIII′.23

A 9527 VIII′.23

A 9582 VIII′.23

A 9569 VIII′.23

A 9456 VIII′.12 A 9511 VIII′.28 A 9510 VIII′.18 A 9512 VIII′.23

A 9489 VIII′.23

A 9500 VIII′.23

A 9501 VIII′.23

A 9513 VIII′.23

A 9514 VIII′.23

A 9494 VIII′.23

A 9495 VIII′.23

A 9496 VIII′.23

A 9497 VIII′.23

A 9503 VIII′.23

A 9504 VIII′.23

A 9477 VIII′.23

A 9517 VIII′.23

A 9518 VIII′.23

A 9534 VIII′.23

A 9540 VIII′.23

A 9548 VIII′.23

A 9523 VIII′.23

A 9524 VIII′.23

A 9556 VIII′.23

A 9447 VIII′.23

A 9461 VIII′.23

A 9470 VIII′.23

A 9476 VIII′.23

A 9536 VIII′.23

A 9538 VIII′.23

A 9471 VIII′.23

A 9492 VIII′.23

A 9515 VIII′.23

A 9539 VIII′.19

A 9466 VIII′.20 A 9479 VIII′.21

A 9567 VIII′.22 A 9572 VIII′.26

A 9577 VIII′.22 A 9585

Example 5 Interconversion of Compounds of Formula Ia

Compounds of formula (Ia) prepared as described in Example 4 were converted into other compounds of formula (Ia) as described below.

(i) 2-(2-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide (9535).

To a solution of 9534 (0.035 g, 0.06 mmol) in methanol (2 ml) was added sodium hydroxide (3 mg, 0.077 mmol) in water (0.5 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours then at reflux for a further 3 hours. A further portion of sodium hydroxide (0.18 mmol) was added and reflux continued for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled and acidified (2M HCl) and partially basified with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×25 ml), washed with brine solution (30 ml). The organics were dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate) gave 9535 as a white solid (19 mg, 58%). Other compounds prepared in an analogous manner were 9549 from 9540 and 9559 from 9548.

(ii) 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-5-phenyl-benzamide (9432).

To a solution of 9394 (20 mg, 0.035 mmol) was added phenylboronic acid (5 mg, 0.038 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (2 mg, 0.00173 mmol) in a mixture of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (0.5 ml) and sodium carbonate solution (2M, 0.04 ml, 0.08 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux conditions for 3.5 hours. The mixture was cooled and water (10 ml) was added. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2×15 ml), washed with water (20 ml) and dried over magnesium sulphate. Filtration and concentration in vacuo, followed by chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate) gave 9432 (15 mg, 75%).

(iii) 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl) -ethyl]-4-amino-benzamide (9435).

Platinum (IV) oxide (5 mg) was added to a solution of 9420 (47 mg, 0.086 mmol) in methanol (2 ml) and ethyl acetate (2 ml) and the mixture stirred under hydrogen gas at atmospheric pressure for 18 hours. The mixture was filtered through silica gel (10% methanol, 90% ethyl acetate) and concentrated in vacuo to afford 9435 (42 mg, 95%) as a yellow powder.

(iv) Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-hydroxyamino-phenyl)-amide (9542).

Platinum (IV) oxide (4 mg) was added to a solution of 9541 (38 mg) in ethanol (25 ml) and dichloromethane (25 ml) and the mixture was stirred under hydrogen gas at atmospheric pressure for 18 hours. The mixture was filtered through silica gel and concentrated in vacuo. Trituration with ethyl acetate (x1) then diethyl ether (x3), afforded 9542 (29 mg, 80%) as a yellow solid.

Example 6 Preparation of Compounds of Formula (Ia) Employing Protecting Group Strategy

(a) 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3-hydroxy-benzamide (9424) was prepared as shown in scheme 4:

Step (i)

A solution of the commercially available 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (324 mg, 2.12 mmol), amine IX′.a (500 mg, 2.12 mmol), N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide-methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (987 mg, 2.33 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate (315 mg, 2.33 mmol) and triethylamine for (0.32 ml, 2.44 ml) in anhydrous dichloromethane (20 ml) was stirred at room temperature 3 days. Aqueous work-up followed by flash chromatography (2% methanol, 98% dichloromethane, silica gel) and trituration (diethyl ether) gave VIII′.29 (174 mg) as an orange solid.

Step (ii)

A solution of VIII′.29 (170 mg, 0.46 mmol), imidazole (34 mg, 0.50 mmol) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (76 mg, 0.50 mmol) in dimethylformamide (10 ml) was stirred at room temperature for 3 days. A further amount of tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (206 mg, 1.37 mmol) and imidazole (93 mg, 1.37 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred for 4 hours. Aqueous work-up followed by flash chromatography (2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate, silica gel) gave VIII′.30 (142 mg) as a yellow oil.

Step (iii)

Triethylamine (1.12 ml, 8.04 mmol) and amine VIII′.30 (1.57 g, 3.24 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of 4-isopropylbenzoyl chloride (preparation as described for 9398, 738 mg, 4.04 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (20 ml) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. The mixture was poured into saturated sodium carbonate solution (50 ml) and extracted with dichloromethane (75 ml) twice. The combined organic extracts were dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography (2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate, silica gel) gave 2-(4-isopropyl-benzoylamino)-3-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide (367 mg) as a cream solid.

Step (iv)

A solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (1.0M in tetrahydrofuran, 0.63 ml, 0.63 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-(4-isopropyl-benzoylamino)-3-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide (365 mg, 0.58 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 ml) while cooling in an ice/water bath. After stirring for 30 minutes the mixture was poured into saturated ammonium chloride solution (30 ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 ml) twice. The combined organic layers were washed with water (50 ml), brine (50 ml), dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography (2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate, silica gel) afforded 9424 (220 mg) as a pale yellow solid.

(b) Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl) -ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-hydroxyphenyl)-amide (9554) was prepared as shown in Scheme 5:

Step (i)

Imidazole (1.8 g, 26.1 mmol) and tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (3.95 g, 26.1 mmol) were added to a solution of the commercially available 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid (1.0 g, 6.54 mmol) in dimethylformamide (40 ml) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. Aqueous work-up afforded an impure sample of 2-amino-5-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-benzoic acid (1.74 g) that was used in Step (ii) without further purification.

Step (ii)

2-Amino-5-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-benzoic acid from Step (i) (1.6 g), amine IX′.b (1.87 g), 6.0 mmol), N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide-methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (2.79 g, 6.6 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate (0.89 g, 6.6 mmol) were dissolved in anhydrous dichloromethane (50 ml) and stirred at room temperature for 3 days. Aqueous work-up followed by flash chromatography (silica gel) afforded VIII′.31 (443 mg), as a yellow foam.

Step (iii)

2-Quinoxaloyl chloride (67 mg, 0.35 mmol) was added to a solution of amine VIII′.31 (200 mg, 0.28 mmol) and triethylamine (0.10 ml, 0.72 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (10 ml) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 18 hours. Aqueous work-up and flash chromatography (silica gel, 2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate) afforded quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (4-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide (183 mg) as a yellow foam.

Step (iv)

A solution of tetrabutyammonium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran (1.0M, 0.067 ml, 0.067 mmol) was added to a solution of quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (4-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide (150 mg, 0.21 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10 ml) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, poured into saturated ammonium chloride solution (20 ml) and extracted with ethyl acetate (30 ml) twice. The combined organic phases were washed with water (30 ml), brine (30 ml), dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography (silica gel, 2% methanol, 98% ethyl acetate) and trituration in diethyl ether gave 9554 (32 mg as a yellow solid.

(c) Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (5-amino-2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide (9589) was prepared as shown in scheme 6.

Step (i)

A solution of 4-amino-2-nitrobenzoic acid (0.96 g, 5.3 mmol), amine IX′.b (1.65 g, 5.3 mmol), hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate (0.79 g, 5.8 mmol), N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide methyl-p-toluene sulphonate (2.46 g, 5.8 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (15 ml) was stirred at 20-25 C. for 18 hours. Water (15 ml) was added and the mixture extracted with dichloromethane (15 ml) three times. The combined organic extracts were dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Trituration in diethylether and flash column chromatography (10% methanol, 90% dichloromethane) afforded the intermediate nitroamine (0.42 g) as an orange solid.

Step (ii)

A solution of the product of Step (i) (0.42 g, 0.88 mmol), di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (0.24 g, 1.10 mmol) and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (5 mg, 0.04 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (15 ml) was stirred in an ice/water bath for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for a further three days. Potassium carbonate solution (15 ml) was added and the mixture extracted with dichloromethane (15 ml) three times. The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulphate and dried in vacuo. Chromatography (2.5% methanol, 97.5% dichloromethane, silica gel) afforded the intermediate protected nitroamine (0.37 g).

Step (iii)

To a solution of this product (0.35 g, 0.61 mmol) in ethanol (5 ml) and dichloromethane (5 ml) was added 10% palladium on cabon (35 mg). The mixture was stirred under hydrogen gas at atmospheric pressure for eighteen hours. The mixture was filtered through Celite™ and reduced until crystallisation was initiated. After cooling the product, amine VIII′.32 (0.19 g), was isolated as a yellow crystalline solid.

Step (iv)

Amine VIII′.32 (192 mg, 0.35 mmol) was added to a suspension of quinoline-3-carboxylic acid chloride (82 mg, 0.43 mmol) in anhydrous dichloromethane (3 ml) while cooling in an ice/water bath. The resulting solution was stirred for one hour, allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for a further eighteen hours. Dilute potassium carbonate solution (30 ml) was added and the mixture was extracted with chloroform (30 ml). The organic phase was washed with water four times, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Trituration with dry diethyl ether and recrystallisation (methanol, dichloromethane) gave the product, Boc-protected 9589, as a cream solid (0.19 g).

Step (v)

A solution of the above compound (78 mg, 0.11 mmol) was stirred in a mixture of 5N hydrochloric acid (20 ml) and ethanol (25 ml) for three days. The mixture was basified with saturated potassium carbonate solution and extracted with dichloromethane (50 ml) three times. The combined organic phases were dried over dry magnesium sulphate and reduced in vacuo. Flash chromatography (2.5% methanol, 97.5% dichloromethane) and recrystallisation from methanol/dichloromethane) afforded the title compound, 9589, as a pale brown solid (15 mg).

Example 7 Preparation of Compounds of Formula Ia Prepared from Methyl Anthranilate (Process Variant (b′))

The route to compounds of formula (Ia) via the intermediate of formula XII′ is shown in scheme 7:

Reaction of commercially available methyl anthranilate X′ with an acid chloride of formula R⁵¹—COCl in the presence of triethylamine using dichloromethane as solvent, at room temperature for 1-14 hours yielded the intermediate of general formula XI′. Hydrolysis of the intermediate ester XI′ was achieved by treating it with sodium hydroxide in methanol/water at reflux for 1-5 hours. Acidification of the mixture with HCl followed by work up furnished intermediate acid XII′.

Preparation of the final product of formula Ia was achieved by coupling this acid with amine IX′.a. To a solution of the intermediate acid in THF was added 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole (1.1 equivalents) and the mixture was stirred for one hour at room temperature. To this mixture was added amine IX′.a (1.0 equivalents) and pyridinium p-toluene sulphonate (2.6 equivalents). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 56 hours and cooled. After solvent removal and work-up the product was purified by flash column chromatography over silica gel. The compounds prepared by this general route are summarised in Table 13.

TABLE 13 Compound of Formula R⁵¹ Ia

Example 8 Preparation of Compounds of Formula Ia Via Azalactones of General Formula XIII′ (Process Variant (c′))

Reaction of commercially available anthranilic acid with an acid chloride of general formula R⁵¹—COCl in pyridine or pyridine/dichloromethane mixture at 0° C. for 3-8 hours, gives rise to the azalactone intermediates of formula XIII′. Treatment of this intermediate with amine IX′.a in refluxing toluene in the presence of p-toluene sulphonic acid or camphor sulphonic acid for 14-24 hours gives rise to compounds of general formula Ia. Final products were purified by flash column chromatography over silica gel. The following compounds of formula Ia were prepared via this route:

Example 9 Preparation of Salts

The hydrochloride salts of compounds of formula (I) were prepared by treatment of a solution of the compounds in THF with 2 molar hydrochloric acid followed by sonication until a clear solution was obtained. The solvent was then removed in vacuo and the residual solution was freeze-dried to give the hydrochloride salt.

In an alternative method, hydrochloride salts were prepared by bubbling HCl gas through a solution of the corresponding free base in THF, followed by evaporation to dryness.

Example 10 Pharmaceutical Composition

Tablets, each weighing 0.15 g and containing 25 mg of a compound of the invention can be manufactured as follows:

Composition for 10,000 tablets

compound of the invention (250 g)

lactose (800 g)

corn starch (415 g)

talc powder (30 g)

magnesium stearate (5 g)

The compound of the invention, lactose and half of the corn starch are mixed. The mixture is then forced through a sieve 0.5 mm mesh size. Corn starch (10 g) is suspended in warm water (90 ml). The resulting paste is used to granulate the powder. The granulate is dried and broken up into small fragments on a sieve of 1.4 mm mesh size. The remaining quantity of starch, talc and magnesium stearate is added, carefully mixed and processed into tablets.

Example 11 Characterisation of compounds of formula (I)

The compounds prepared in Examples 2 to 9 were characterised by mass spectroscopic, microanalytical, proton n.m.r. and, in some cases, infra-red techniques. The results are set out in the following tables.

Mass spec data ¹H NMR data No. Molecular formula mass (intensity) mode solvent/field d 9304 C₃₀H₃₅N₃O₄ 501 MH⁺ 502 (70%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.29 (6H, 2xd), 2.86 (6H, br.m), 3.0 (1H, septet), 3.68 (4H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H, t), 7.16 (1H, br.s), 7.38 (2H, d), 7.51 (2H, t), 7.99 (2H, d), 8.82 (1H, d), 12.22 (1H, br.s). 9405 C₃₀H₃₄N₃O₄Cl MH⁺ 536 (15%), EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, d), 2.74-2.80 (6H, m), 2.95- 535/537 206 (100%) 3.04 (1H, m, CH), 3.60 (2H, br.s) 3.65-3.70 (2H, m), 3.81 (3H, s, OMe), 3.83 (3H, s, OMe), 6.49 (1H, s), 6.58 (1H, s), 7.10 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.32- 7.40 (3H, m), 7.88 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.44 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 10.36 (1H, br.s, NH) 9354 C₃₀H₃₄N₃O₄Cl MH⁺ 536 (30%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, d, J = 7 Hz), 2.75-2.85 535/537 (6H, m), 2.95-3.02 (1H, m, CH), 3.62- 3.66 (4H, m), 3.84 (3H, s, OMe), 3.86 (3H, s, OMe), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.00 (1H, br.s, NH), 7.37 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.44-7.47 (2H, m), 7.95 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.80 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 12.01 (1H, br.s, NH) 9350 C₃₀H₃₄ClN₃O₄ MH⁺ 536:538 - 3:1 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.29 (6H, d), 2.90-3.42 (8H, m), 3.78- 535.5 ratio Φ Cl cpd 3.98 (9H, m), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), (100%). 7.12 (1H, d), 7.34 (2H, d), 7.84 (1H, dd), 7.96 (2H, d), 7.92-8.06 (1H, br.m), 8.95 (1H, s), 12.48 (1H, s). 9401 C₃₀H₃₄ClN₃O₄ MH⁺ 536/538 [^(˜)3:1 EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.30 (6H, d), 2.75-3.03 (7H, m), 3.58- 535.5 g intensity, Cl cpd] 3.68 (2H, m), 3.72 (2H, br.s), 3.82 (47%) Base Peak (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.50 (1H, s), 6.59 192 (100%) (1H, s), 7.20 (1H, t), 7.34 (2H, d), 7.28- 7.48 (IH, br.m), 7.50 (1H, d), 7.54 (1H, d), 7.92 (2H, d), 9.25 (1H, s) 9394 C₃₀H₃₄N₃O₄Br MH⁺ 580 (15%), EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, d, J = 7 Hz), 2.78-2.87 579/581 206 (70%) (6H, m), 2.95-3.02 (1H, m, CH), 3.60- 3.65 (4H, m), 3.83 (3H, s, OMe), 3.85 (3H, s, OMe), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.90 (1H, br.s, NH), 7.36 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.55-7.60 (2H, m). 7.94 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.74 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.99 (1H, br.s, NH) 9349 C₃₁H₃₄FN₃O₄ 519 MH⁺ 520 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.29 (6H, d), 2.80-3.10 (7H, m), 3.65- 3.90 (10H, m), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.77 (1H, t), 7.38 (2H, d), 7.67 (1H, br.s), 7.98 (2H, d), 8.67 (1H, dd), 12.53 (1H, s) and one unobserved NH signal. 9398 C₃₁H₃₇N₃O₄ 515 MH⁺ 516 (24%) EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, d), 2.32 (3H, s), 2.66-2.84 Base peak 206 (6H, m), 2.97 (1H, septet), 3.55 (100%) (2H, dd), 3.62 (2H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 6.51 (1H, s), 6.59 (1H, s), 6.95 (1H, br.s), 7.15 (1H, t), 7.28-7.40 (4H, m), 7.95 (2H, d), 10.12 (1H, s). 9399 C₃₁H₃₇N₃O₅ 531 MH⁺ 532 (10%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, d), 2.60-2.82 (6H, m), 2.97 Base peak 192 (1H, septet), 3.50-3.60 (4H, m), 3.83 (100%) (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.48 (1H, s), 6.58 (1H, s), 6.93 (1H, br.s), 7.02 (1H, d), 7.12 (1H, d), 7.20 (1H, d), 7.32 (2H, d), 7.90 (2H, d), 8.94 (1H, s). 9424 C₃₀H₃₅N₃O₅ 517 MH⁺ 518 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 ppm (6H, s), 2.78-3.04 (6H, m), 2.98 (1H, septet), 3.60-3.86 (4H, m), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.10-7.28 (3H, m), 7.38 (2H, d), 7.40-7.64 (1H, br.s), 8.02 (2H, d), 10.18 (1H, s), 12.32 (1H, s) 9420 C₃₀H₃₄N₄O₆ MH⁺, 547 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.20 (1H, s), 9.68 (1H, d, J = 1 Hz), 7.96 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.84 (1H, dd, J = 8 Hz, 1 Hz), 7.52 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.48 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.38 (1H, br.s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.72-3.54 (4H, m), 3.02 (1H, septet, J = 7 Hz), 2.90-2.78 (6H, m), 1.30 (6H, d, J = 7 Hz). 9435 C₃₀H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺, 517 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃%400 MHz 12.70 (1H, s), 8.28 (1H, d, J = 1 Hz), 8.00 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.36 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.28 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.88 (1H, br.s), 6.64 (1H, s), 6.56 (1H, s), 6.30 (1H, dd, J = 8 Hz, 1 Hz), 4.06 (2H, br.s), 3.88 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.68-3.58 (4H, m), 3.00 (1H, septet, J = 7 Hz), 2.90-2.74 (6H, m), 1.30 (6H, d, J = 7 Hz). 9432 C₃₆H₃₉N₃O₄ 577 MH⁺, 578 (20%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, 2xd, J = 7 Hz), 2.80-2.85 (6H, m) 2.94-3.02 (1H, m CH), 3.62- 3.70 (4H, m), 3.80 (3H, s, OMe), 3.82 (3H, s, OMe), 6.52 (1H, s) 6.60 (1H, s), 7.20 (1H, br.s, NH), 7.30-7.40 (5H, m), 7.46 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.65-7.75 (2H, m), 8.00 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.87 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 12.12 (1H, br.s, NH). 9410 C₃₄H₃₇N₃O₄ 551 MH⁺ 552 (6%) EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.30 (6H, d), 2.88-3.12 (7H, m), 3.70- Base peak 316 3.89 (10H, m), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.62 (100%) (1H, s), 7.26 (1H, s), 7.33-7.43 (3H, m), 7.52 (1H, t), 7.82 (2H, t), 8.03 (2H, d), 8.32 (1H, br.s), 9.27 (1H, s), 12.08 (1H, s) 9256.0 C₂₉H₃₄O₄N₄ = SO₃ Da MH⁺ 20% DCI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.76-2.87d (6H, m), 3.05 (6H, 2xs), SO₂Da 148 Da 100% 3.61-3.68 (4H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.86 267 Da 20% (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.77 192 Da 45% (2H, d), 6.95-7.04 (2H, overlapping t and br.s), 7.43-7.50 (2H, m), 7.77 (2H, d), 8.80 (1H, d). 11.99 (1H, br.s). 9297.00 C₃₀H₃₅N₃O₅, 501 MH⁺ 502 (100%) CI CDCl₃/400.134 0.98 (3H, t), 1.68 (2H, sextet), 2.68 MHz (2H, t), 2.74-2.85 (6H, m), 3.62 (4H, s and t), 3.81 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.02 (1H, br.s), 7.05 (1H, t), 7.31 (2H, d), 7.48 (1H, d), 7.5 (1H, t), 7.98 (2H, d), 8.8 (1H, d), 12.20 (1H, br.s). t is not clear 9395 C₃₂H₃₉O₄N₃ MH⁺ 530 Da 100% DCI⁺/ CDCl₃/400 MHz 0.92 (3H, t), 1.30-1.40 (4H, m), 1.42- 529 Da NH₃ 1.69 (2H, overlapping water and sample signals), 2.68 (2H, t), 2.85-2.97 (6H, m), 3.67-3.79 (4H, m), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H, t), 7.32 (2H, d), 7.5- 7.65 (2H, m), 7.98 (2H, d), 8.82 (1H, d), 12.24 (1H br.s). 9331.0 C₃₃H₃₉O₄N₃ MH⁺ 542 Da 25% DCI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.20-1.33 (1H, br.m), 1.42 (4H, br.m), 541 Da 192 Da 100% 1.78 (1H, br.d), 1.89 (4H, br.m), 2.59 102 Da 100% (1H, br.m), 2.89 (6H, m), 3.64-3.75 (4H, overlapping signals), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.63 (1H, s), 7.09 (1H, t), 7.35 (2H, d), 7.48-7.61 (2H, m), 7.99 (2H, d), 8.82 (1H, d), 12.21 (1H, br.s). NB: other NH signal not seen. 9294.00 C₃₃H₃₃N₃O₄ 535 MH⁺ 536 (100%) CI 400.134 MHz 2.82 (6H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.68 (2H, t), CDCl₃ 3.82 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H, br.s), 7.09 (1H, t), 7.4 (1H, t), 7.46 (3H, m), 7.52 (1H, t), 7.64 (2H, d), 7.74 (2H, d), 8.12 (2H, d), 8.85 (1H, d), 12.34 (1H, s). 9295.00 C₃₁H₃₁N₃O₄ 509 MH⁺ 510 (100%) ESI 400.134 MHz, 2.81 (6H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.66 (2H, t), CDCl₃ 3.82 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.06 (1H, br.s), 7.1 (1H, t), 7.48-7.61 (4H, m), 7.89 (1H, d), 7.96 (1H, d), 8.04 (1H, d), 8.12 (1H, d), 8.6 (1H, s), 8.8 (1H, d), 12.42 (1H, s). 9302 C₂₈H₂₉N₃O₆ 503 MH⁺ and (M-H)⁺ ESI 400 13 MHz 2.86 (6H, br.m), 3.7 (4H, t and s), 50:50 3.86 (3H, s), 3.88 (3H, s), 6.05 (2H, s), 502 (100%) 6.55 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 6.91 (1H, d), 7.08 (1H, t), 7.5 (2H, t) 7.53 (1H, d), 7.61 (1H, d), 8.79 (1H, d) 12.2 (1H, br.s). 9310.00 C₃₁H₃₈N₄O₄ 530 MH⁺ (>>30%) CI 400.134 MHz 1.21 (6H, t), 2.85 (6H, m)⁺, 3.42 (4H, q), 3.68 (4H, m)^(x), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 6.71 (2H, d), 7.01 (1H, t), 7.11 (1H, br.s), 7.48 (2H, 1H t + d)*, 7.94 (2H, d), 8.82 (1H, d), 11.98 (1H, br.s). ⁺almost looks like triplet ^(x)should be triplet and singlet *possible overlapping triplet and doublet. 9334 C₃₁H₃₇O₄N₃ 515 MH⁺ 516 (100%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.39 (9H, s), 2.79-2.91 (8H, m), 3.61- 3.71 (2H, br.s), 3.81 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.04- 7.11 (1H, m), 7.46-7.56 (4H, m), 8.01 (2H, d), 8.82 (1H, d) both NH protons not observed poor spectra. 9351 C₂₇H₂₉N₃O₄ 459 MH⁺, 460 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-2.85 (6H, m), 3.62-3.65 (4H, m), 3.82 (3H, s, OMe), 3.85 (3H, s, OMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.04-7.10 (2H, m), 7.45-7.55 (5H, m), 8.03-8.06 (2H, m), 8.84 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz). 12.25 (1H, br.s, NH). 9380 C₂₇H₂₈O₄N₃ Br 538 MH⁺, 538/540 1.1 DCI +/− CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.95-3.07 (6H, m), 3.74-3.86 (10H, m), (100%) 6.54 (1H, s), 6.63 (1H, s), 7.63 (1H, t), 7.93 (2H, d), 8.79 (1H, d), 12.47 (1H, br.s). NH proton not observed. 9381 C₂₇H₂₈O₆N₄ MH⁺ 505 Da DCI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.89-3.07 (6H, m), 3.71-3.89 (10H, m), SO₄ Da (100%) 6.55 (1H, s), 6.66 (1H, s) 7.19 (1H, t), 7.51-7.60 (2H, m), 7.74 (1H, br.s), 8.22 (2H, d), 8.37 (2H, d), 8.84 (1H, d), 12.77 (1H, br.s). 9426 C₃₃H₃₃N₃O₅ 551 MH⁺ 552 (8%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.80-3.00 (6H, br.m), 3.60-3.90 Base peak 69 (100%) (10H, m), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.06-7.12 (6H, m), 7.18 (1H, t), 7.38 (2H, t), 7.50 (1H, t), 7.62 (1H, br.d), 8.03 (2H, d), 8.81 (1H, d), 12.31 (1H, s). 9427 C₃₄H₃₃N₃O₅ 563 MH⁺ 564 (32%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-2.98 (6H, br.m), 3.62-3.80 Base peak 328 (4H, m), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.54 (100%) (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.12 (1H, t), 7.41 (1H, br.s), 7.47-7.67 (5H, m), 7.82 (2H, d), 7.92 (2H, d), 8.14 (2H, d), 8.85 (1H, d), 12.54 (1H, s). 9442 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ 549 MH⁺ 550 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.78-3.02 (6H, br.), 3.60-3.78 (4H, m), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 4.06 (2H, s), 6.53 (1H, s) 6.62 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H, t), 7.12-7.65 (10H, m), 7.97 (2H, d), 8.82 (1H, d), 12.25 (1H, s) 9459 C₃₃H₃₉N₃O₅ 557 MH⁺ 558 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28-2.08 (10H, m), 2.72-2.94 (6H, m), 3.60-3.76 (4H, m), 3.87 (3H, s), (3H, s), 4.35 (1H, m), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 6.98 (2H, d), 7.05 (1H, t), 7.45-7.60 (2H, m), 7.98 (2H, d), 8.30 (1H, d), 12.16 (1H, s). 9460 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₅ 565 MH⁺ 566 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl/400 MHz 2.70-2.88 (6H, m), 3.58-3.68, (4H, m), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 5.15 (2H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.95-7.55 (11H, m), 8.04 (2H, d), 8.80 (1H, d), 12.18 (1H, s). 9377 C₂₆H₂₈N₄O₄ 460 MH⁺ 461 (77%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-2.95 (6H, m), 3.62-3.90 (10H, m), Base peak 206 6.52 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.10 (1H, t), (100%) 7.14-7.28 (1H, br.m), 7.40-7.62 (3H, m), 7.88 (1H, t), 8.28 (1H, d), 8.78 (1H, d), 8.86 (1H, d), 12.94 (1H, s). 9359 C₂₆H₂₈N₄O₄ 460 MH⁺ 461 (32%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-2.95 (6H, m), 3.60-3.77 (4H, m), Base peak 356 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), (100%) 6.62 (1H, s), 7.12 (1H, t), 7.40-7.62 (4H, m), 8.32 (1H, dt), 8.78 (1H, dd), 8.82 (1H, d), 9.29 (1H, s), 12.56 (1H, s). 9384 C₂₆H₂₈N₄O₄ 460 MH⁺ 461 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.76-2.94 (6H, m), 3.60-3.72 (4H, m), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.11 (1H, t), 7.33 (1H, br. s), 7.50-7.60 2H, m), 7.89 (2H, d), 8.75-8.95 (3H, m), 12.67 (1H, s). 9391 C₂₈H₂₇N₅O₄ M⁺ 461 (8%) EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-2.90 (6H, m), 3.60-3.24 (4H, m), Base peak 206 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), (100%) 6.60 (1H, s), 7.07-7.20 (2H, m), 7.47- 7.59 (2H, m), 8.75 (2H, dd), 8.85 (1H, d), 9.49 (1H, s), 12.98 (1H, s). 9347 C₂₉H₂₉N₅O₄ 511 MH⁺ 512 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-3.00 (6H, m), 3.70-3.90 (10H, m), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.10-7.52 (1H, br.m), 7.15 (1H, t), 7.56 (1H, t), 7.65 (1H, br.d), 8.82-8.94 (2H, m), 8.15-8.40 (2H, m), 8.88 (1H, d), 9.74 (1H, s), 13.14 (1H, s). 9383 C₃₀H₃₀N₄O₄ 510 MH⁺ 511 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.80-2.95 (6H, m), 3.66-3.80 (4H, br.m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 6.51 (1H, s), 6.59 (1H, s), 7.12 (1H, t), 7.55 (1H, t), 7.60 (1H, br.d), 7.71 (2H, m), 7.83 (1H, d), 7.88 (1H, d), 8.69 (1H, d), 8.90 (1H, d), 9.53 (1H, d), 12.89 (1H, s). One NH signal not observed. 9385 C₃₀H₃₀N₄O₄ 510 MH⁺ 511 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃ 2.70-3.05 (6H, m), 3.70-3.90 (10H, m), 6.45 (1H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 7.08 (1H, t), 7.45 (1H, br.s), 7.51 (1H, t), 7.60-7.70 (2H, m), 7.80 (1H, t), 7.90 (1H, d), 8.32-8.42 (3H, m), 8.87 (1H, d), 13.13 (1H, s). 9389 C₃₀H₃₀N₄O₄ 510 MH⁺ 511 (100%) EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.88 (6H, br.s), 3.63-3.79 (4H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 6.51 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.11 (1H, t), 7.16-7.26 (1H, m), 7.53 (1H, t), 7.60 (1H, br.d), 7.70-7.82 (2H, m), 8.02 (1H, d), 8.08 (1H, d), 8.71 (1H, s), 8.92 (1H, d), 9.37 (1H, s), 13.07 (1H, s) 9397 C₃₀H₃₀N₄O₄ 510 MH⁺ 511 (14%) EI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.77-2.93 (6H, m), 3.60-3.75 (4H, m), Base peak 207 3.82 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), (100%) 6.62 (1H, s), 7.12 (1H, t), 7.31 (1H, br.s), 7.50-7.68 (3H, m), 7.83 (1H, t), 8.03 (1H, d), 8.19 (1H, d), 8.80-8.90 (2H, m), 9.55 (1H, s), 12.72 (1H, s). 9365 C₂₅H₂₇N₃O₄S 465 MH⁺ 466 (100%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.77-2.85 (6H, m), 3.63-3.68 (4H, m), 3.84 (3H, s, OMe), 3.86 (3H, s, OMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.04-7.10 (2H, m), 7.36-7.38 (1H, m), 7.45-7.51 (2H, m), 7.63-7.65 (1H, m), 8.10-8.12 (1H, m), 8.77 (1H,d, J = Hz), 12.21 (1H, br.s, NH). 9367 C₂₉H₃₀N₄O₄ 498 MH⁺ 499 (100%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.80-2.86 (6H, m), 3.64-3.73 (4H, m), 3.84 (3H, s, OMe), 3.86 (3H, s, OMe), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.05-7.10 (2H, m), 7.15-7.20 (1H, m), 7.25-7.34 (2H, m, obscured by CHCl₃), 7.44- 7.55 (3H, m), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.77 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz), 9.09 (1H, br.s, NH), 12.47 (1H, br.s, NH) 9531 C₃₅H₃₃N₅O₄ 587 MH⁺ 588 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.72-2.98 (8H, m), 3.68 (2H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.16-7.34 (3H, m), 7.55-7.64 (3H, m), 7.68 (1H, d), 7.80-7.94 (3H, m), 8.14-8.34 (2H, d), 8.86 (1H, d), 9.75 (1H, s), 12.65 (1H, br.s). 9542 C₃₅H₃₄N₆O₅ MH⁺ 619 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.40 (1H, s), 10.16 (1H, s), 9.60 MHz (1H, s), 8.98 (1H, s), 8.66 (1H, s), 8.36 (1H, s), 8.28-8.20 (1H, m), 8.18-8.10 (1H, m), 8.06-7.96 (2H, m), 7.84 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.68 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.70-6.60 (3H, m), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.58 (2H, s), 2.88-2.80 (2H, m), 2.78-2.66 (6H, m). 9543 C₃₆H₃₅N₅O₄ 601 MH⁺ 602 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.41 (3H, s), 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.68 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.28 (2H, d), 7.40 (1H, d), 7.48 (1H, s), 7.62 (2H, d), 7.80- 7.95 (3H, m), 8.12-8.32 (2H, m), 8.70 (1H, d) 9.74 (1H, s), 12.49 (1H, br.s). 9554 C₃₅H₃₃N₅O₅ 603 MH⁺ 604 (100%) ESI DMSO/400 MHz 2.55-2.87 (8H, m), 3.45-3.77 (8H, m), 6.63 (2H, d), 7.07 (1H, d), 7.21-7.31 (3H, m), 7.49 (2H, d), 7.94-8.24 (4H, m), 8.44 (1H, d), 9.57 (1H, s), 9.87 (1H, s), 10.48 (1H, hr.s), 2.08 (1H, br.s). 9541 C₃₅H₃₂N₆O₆ MH⁺ 663 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.98 (1H, s), 10.84 (1H, s), 9.4 (1H, s), MHz 9.56 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 8.28-8.00 (6H, m), 7.74 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.32 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.58 (2H, s), 2.90-2.80 (2H, m), 2.76-2.66 (6H, m). 9561 C₃₆H₃₂F₃N₅O₄ MH⁺ 656 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 12.00 (1H, s), 10.74 (1H, s), 9.60 MHz (1H, s), 9.08 (1H, s), 8.24 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.18-8.08 (2H, m), 8.06-7.96 (2H, m), 7.76-7.54 (3H, m), 7.30 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.68 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.88-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.62 (6H, m). 9562 C₃₅H₃₂FN₅O₄ MH⁺ 606 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.70 (1H, s), 10.50 (1H, s), 9.60 MHz (1H, s), 8.58 (1H, dd, J = 2, 12 Hz), 8.24 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.18-8.10 (1H, m), 8.08-7.98 (3H, m), 7.70 (2H, d, J =8 Hz), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.24-7.14 (1H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.56 (2H, s), 2.88-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.64 (6H, m). 9564 C₃₅H₃₂FN₅O₄ MH⁺ 606 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.72-2.98 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 6.98 (1H, dd), 7.30 (2H, d), 7.54 (1H, dd), 7.64 (2H, d) 7.82-7.94 (2H, m), 8.16-8.36 (3H, m), 8.71 (1H, d), 9.73 (1H, s) 12.98 (1H, br.s). 9568 C₃₈H₃₂FN₅O₄ 605 MH⁺ 606 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-3.00 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.20-7.45 (4H, m), 7.60 (2H, d), 7.80-7.95 (3H, m), 8.12-8.32 (2H, m), 8.73-8.83 (1H, m), 9.72 (1H, s), 12.51 (1H, br.s). 9573 C₃₇H₃₇N₅O₆ 647 MH⁺ 648 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-3.00 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s) 3.94 (3H, s), 4.02 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.13 (1H, s), 7.28 (2H, d), 7.59 (2H, d), 7.78- 7.92 (3H, m), 8.19 (1H, d), 8.28 (1H, d), 8.I0 (1H, s), 9.72 (1H, s), 12.79 (1H, br.s). 9544 C₃₆H₃₄N₄O₄ 586 MH⁺ 587 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.73-3.05 (8H, m), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.20 (1H, t), 7.23-7.37 (2H, m), 7.52-7.74 (5H, m), 7.83 (1H, t), 7.97 8.07 (2H, m), 8.18 (1H, d), 8.80 (1H, s), 8.85 (1H, d), 9.54 (1H, s), 12.24 (1H, br.s). 9571 C₃₆H₃₃FN₄O₄ MH⁺ 605 (100%) CI⁺ d₆ DMSO/400 12.24 (1H, s), 10.51 (1H, s), 9.32 MHz (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 8.90 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 8.38 (1H, dd, J = 3, 12 Hz), 8.18 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.14 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.08 (1H, dd, J = 7, 9 Hz); 7.92 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.74 (1H, t, J = 8H), 7.64 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.24-7.18 (1H, m), 6.64 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.68 (3H, s), 3.53 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.52 (6H, m). 9574 C₃₆H₃₃FN₄O₄ 604 MH⁺ 605 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-3.05 (8H, m), 3.67 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.10 (1H, s), 7.15-7.45 (4H, m), 7.52-7.70 (3H, m), 7.84 (1H, t), 8.00 (1H, d), 8.18 (1H, d), 8.27 (1H, br.s), 8.70-8.82 (2H, m), 9.51 (1H, s), 11.98 (1H, br.s). 9581 C₃₆H₃₃N₅O₆ MH⁺ 632 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.70 (1H, s), 10.72 (1H, s), 9.33 MHz (1H, s), 9.14 (1H, s), 8.90 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.20-8.10 (4H, m), 7.91 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.72 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.64 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.24 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.64 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.68 (3H, s), 3.53 (2H, s), 2.84-2.76 (2H, m), 2.74-2.64 (6H, m). 9545 C₃₆H₃₄N₄O₄ 586 MH⁺ 587 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.68-2.98 (8H, m), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.15 (1H, t), 7.38 (2H, d), 7.55 (1H, t), 7.58-7.72 (4H, m), 7.80 (1H, t), 7.89 (1H, d), 8.02 (1H, br.s), 8.28 (1H, d), 8.32-8.40 (2H, m), 8.83 (1H, d), 12.72 (1H, br.s). 9472 C₃₂H₃₂N₄O₄ 536 MH⁺ 537 (15%) CI⁺ d₆ DMSO/400 12.26 (1H, s), 10.48 (1H, s); 8.74-8.70 190 (100%) MHz (1H, m), 8.68 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.18 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.08 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.88 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.68-7.58 (4H, m), 7.30-7.22 (3H, m), 6.68 (1H, s), 6.66 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.64 (6H, m). 9482 C₃₂H₃₂N₄O₄ 536 MH⁺ 537 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-2.95 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.15-7.20 (1H, m), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.41-7.46 (1H, m), 7.52-7.68 (4H, m), 7.97 (1H, NH), 8.26-8.30 (1H, m), 8.77-8.84 (2H, m), 9.29 (1H, s), 12.06 (1H, br.s, NH). 9483 C₃₂H₃₂N₄O₄ 536 MH⁺ 537 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.76-2.95 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.59 (1H, s), 7.07-7.12 (1H, m), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.48-7.55 (3H, m), 7.65 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.84 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.27 (1H, br.s, NH), 8.74 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.82 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 12.10 (1H, br.s, NH). 9493 C₃₁H₃₁N₅O₄ 537 MH⁺ 538 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.73-2.93 (8H, m), 3.64 (2H, s), 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s) 7.20-7.28 (3H, m), 7.52-7.63 (3H, m), 7.67 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.82 (1H, s), 8.69-8.71 (H, m), 8.75-8.77 (1H, m), 8.83 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 9.49 (1H, s) 12.48 (1H, br.s, NH). 9527 C₃₂H₃₃N₅O₄ 551 MH⁺ 552 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.65 (3H, s, Me), 2.75-2.94 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.15-7.20 (1H, m), 7.24-7.28 (2H, m, obscured by CHCl₃), 7.54-7.60 (3H, m), 7.66 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.90 (1H, s), 8.54 (1H, s), 8.78 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 9.34 (1H, s), 12.39 (1H, br.s, NH). 9557 C₃₃H₃₄N₄O₄ 550 MH⁺ 551 (100%) DCI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.65 (3H, s), 2.73-2.99 (8H, m), 3.64 (2H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 7.25-7.35 (4H, m), 7.53 (2H, d), 7.60 (1H, t), 7.69 (1H, d), 7.89 (1H, s), 8.18 (1H, d), 8.84 (1H, d), 9.17 (1H, s), 12.03 (1H, s). 9582 C₃₃H₃₄N₄O₅ 566 MH⁺ 567 (100%) ESI D₆ DMSO/400 11.70 (1H, br.s), 10.45 (1H, br.s), 9.73 MHz (1H, d), 8.45 (1H, d), 8.15 (1H, dd), 7.95 (1H, d), 7.63-7.59 (3H, m), 7.30- 7.20 (3H, m), 7.00 (H, d), 6.67 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.92 (3H, s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.55 (2H, s), 2.85-2.80 (2H, m), 2.72-2.65 (6H, m). 9569 C₃₄H₃₅N₅O₅ 593 MH⁺ 594 (50%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.22-1.27 (3H, t, Me), 2.75-2.95 (8H, m), 3.25 (2H, q, J = 8 Hz, COCH₂), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.84 (3H, s, OMe), 3.85 (3H, s, OMe), 6.55 (1H, s) 6.62 (1H, s), 7.25-7.31 (3H, m, obscured by CHCl₃), 7.53-7.65 (3H, m), 7.69 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.82 (1H, br.s, NH), 8.83 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 9.31 (1H, s), 9.48 (1H, s), 12.62 (1H, br.s, NH). 9456 C₃₃H₃₃N₃O₄ 535 M⁺ 536 (100%) CI DMSO/400 MHz 2.63-2.75 (6H, m), 2.78-2.85 (2H, m), 3.54 (2H, s), 3.68 (6H, 2xs), 6.63 (2H, d), 7.21-7.3 (3H, m), 7.52-7.64 (6H, m), 7.88-7.97 (3H, m), 8.52 (1H, d), 10.44 (1H, s), 11.78 (1H, s). 9510 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ 549 MH⁺ 550 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.31 (3H, s), 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.67 (2H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 6.81 (1H, d), 7.28 (2H, d) ,7.42-7.62 (6H, m), 7.98-8.04 (2H, m), 8.26 (1H, s), 8.57 (1H, s), 11.80 (1H, s). 9511 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ 549 MH⁺ 550 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.25 (3H, s), 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.67 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s) 7.22-7.34 (3H, m), 7.39 (1H, s), 7.45-7.63 (5H, m), 8.02 (2H, d), 8.22 (1H, s) 8.49 (H, d), 11.61 (1H, br.s). 9512 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ 549 MH⁺ 550 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.50 (3H, s), 2.65-2.98 (8H, m), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.01 (1H, d), 7.23 (2H, d), 7.32 (1H, t), 7.40-7.60 (5H, m), 7.80-7.90 (3H, m), 8.06 (1H, d), 9.32 (1H, s). 9489 C₃₃H₃₂FN₃O₄ MH⁺ 554 (26%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.63 (2H, s), 3.84 Fragment 435 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (100%) (1H, s), 7.10 (1H, t), 7.17 (1H, dd), 7.20-7.64 (8H, m), 8.03 (1H, t), 8.12 (1H, s), 8.63 (1H, d), 11.37 (1H, br.d). 9500 C₃₃H₃₂N₃FO₄ 553 MH⁺ 554 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.11 (1H, t), 7.20-7.32 (3H, m), 7.40-7.80 (7H, m), 8.09 (1H, s), 8.72 (1H, d), 11.85 (1H, s). 9501 C₃₃H₃₂N₃FO₄ 553 MH⁺ 554 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-3.00 (8H, m), 3.68 (2H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 5.54 (H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.05 (1H, t), 7.18 (2H, t), 7.30 (2H, d), 7.48 (1H, t), 7.53-7.63 (3H, m), 9.02 (2H, q), 8.26 (1H, s), 8.68 (1H, d), 11.78 (1H, s). 9513 C₃₃H₃₁F₂N₃O₄ MH⁺ 572 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.38 (1H, s), 10.44 (1H, s), 8.42 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.00-7.94 (1H, m), 7.88 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.64-7.56 (3H, m), 7.48-7.40 (1H, m), 7.34-7.20 (4H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.79 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.84- 2.76 (2H, m), 2.74-2.52 (6H, m). 9514 C₃₃H₃₁F₂N₃O₄ MH⁺ 572 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.28 (1H, s), 10.38 (1H, s), 8.30 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.84 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.62-7.52 (4H, m), 7.32 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.26-7.18 (4H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.84-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.62 (6H, m). 9494 C₃₃H₃₂ClN₃O₄ MH⁺ 570, 572 CI⁺ d₆ DMSO/400 11.14 (1H, s), 10.38 (1H, s), 8.32 (100%; 3:1) MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.86 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.68-7.42 (7H, m), 7.32 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.22 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.68 (3H, s), 3.67 (3H, s), 3.52 (2H, s), 2.82-2.76 (2H, m), 2.74-2.50 (6H, m). 9495 C₃₃H₃₂ClN₃O₄ MH⁺ 570, 572 CI⁺ d₆ DMSO/400 11.68 (1H, s), 10.44 (1H, s), 8.38 (100%; 3:1) MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.92-7.80 (3H, m), 7.68-7.56 (5H, m), 7.36-7.20 (3H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.84-2.76 (2H, m), 2.74-2.52 (6H, m). 9496 C₃₃H₃₂ClN₃O₄ MH⁺ 570, 572 CI⁺ d₆ DMSO/400 11.78 (1H, s), 10.46 (1H, s), 8.46 (100%; 3:1) MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.96-7.88 (3H, m), 7.68-7.56 (5H, m), 7.32-7.20 (3H, s), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.64 (6H, m). 9497 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ MH⁺ 550 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.06 (1H, s), 10.38 (1H, s), 8.38 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.86 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.62-7.56 (3H, m), 7.52 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.40 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.34-7.26 (3H, m), 7.22 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.52 (2H, s), 2.80-2.74 (2H, m), 2.72-2.60 (6H, m), 2.40 (3H, s). 9503 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ MH⁺ 550 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.68 (1H, s), 10.44 (1H, s), 8.48 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.90 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.76 (1H, s), 7.70 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.66- 7.58 (3H, m), 7.48-7.38 (2H, m), 7.30- 7.22 (3H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s),3.54 (2H, s), 2.84-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.62 (6H, m), 2.38 (3H, s). 9504 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₄ MH⁺ 550 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.78 (1H, s), 10.46 (1H, s), 8.52 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.92 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.82 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.64-7.56 (3H, m), 7.38 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.30- 7.22 (3H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3 Hz), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.64 (6H, m), 2.38 (3H, s). 9477 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₅ 565 MH⁺ 566 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃ 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 4.02 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 6.98 (1H, d), 7.02- 7.12 (2H, m), 7.20-7.32 (2H, m), 7.42- 7.50 (2H, m), 7.55 (1H, d), 7.60 (2H, d), 8.06 (1H, s), 8.22 (1H, d), 8.65 (1H, d), 11.54 (1H, s). 9517 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₅ 565 MH⁺ 566 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.76-2.95 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 3.89 (3H, s, OMe), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.05-7.10 (1H, m), 7.14-7.19 (1H, m), 7.26-7.30 (2H, m, obscured by CHCl₃), 7.38- 7.42 (1H, m), 7.52-7.60 (5H, m), 7.66 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.92 (1H, s, NH), 8.80 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.80 (1H, br.s, NH). 9518 C₃₄H₃₅N₃O₅ 565 MH⁺ 566 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-2.95 (8H, m), 3.64 (2H, s), 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 3.87 (3H, s, OMe), 6.53 (1H, s) 6.60 (1H, s), 6.98 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.04-7.09 (1H, m), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.48-7.63 (4H, m), 7.99 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.09 (1H, s, NH), 8.75 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.65 (1H, br.s, NH). 9535 C₃₃H₃₃N₃O₅ 551 MH⁺ 552 (100%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.74-2.94 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 6.91-7.00 (2H, m), 7.20-7.30 (3H, m), 7.407.44 (1H, m), 7.53 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.59-7.63 (1H, m), 7.70 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.78 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.85 (1H, s), 8.71 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 12.08 (1H, br.s), 12.22 (1H, s). 9549 C₃₃H₃₃N₃O₅ 551 MH⁺ 552 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.74-2.95 (8H, m) 3.64 (2H, s), 3.83 (3H, s, OMe), 3.85 (3H, s, OMe), 6.52 (1H, s), 6,59 (1H, s), 6.98-7.01 (1H, m), 7.14-7.17 (1H, m), 7.23-7.28 (2H, m), 7.34-7.38 (1H, s), 7.42-7.60 (6H, m), 7.65 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.87 (1H, s), 8.81 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.74 (1H, br.s, NH). 9559 C₃₃H₃₃N₃O₅ 551 MH⁺ 552 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/DMSO/ 2.76-2.94 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.83 400 MHz (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.93 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.12-7.16 (1H, m), 7.26 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.50- 7.57 (1H, m), 7.60 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.73-7.76 (1H, m), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.78 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.93 (1H, s), 9.10 (1H, br.s), 11.69 (1H, s, NH). 9534 C₃₅H₃₅N₃O₆ 593 MH⁺ 594 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.31 (3H, s, Ac), 2.73-2.93 (8H, m), 3.64 (2Hs), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.14-7.19 (2H, m), 7.24-7.27 (2H, m, obscured by CHCl₃), 7.32-7.36 (1H, m), 7.49- 7.58 (4H, m), 7.63 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.85-7.92 (2H, m), 8.69 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.29 (1H, br.s, NH). 9540 C₃₅H₃₅N₃O₆ 593 MH⁺ 594 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.32 (3H, s, Ac), 2.76-2.96 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 6.98-7.01 (1H, m), 7.27-7.31 (3H, m), 7.39-7.45 (1H, m), 7.49-7.64 (4H, m), 7.77-7.79 (1H, m), 7.84 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.45 (1H, s, NH), 8.62 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.72 (1H, s, NH). 9548 C₃₅H₃₅N₃O₆ 593 MH⁺ 594 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.32 (3H, s, OAc), 2.75-2.95 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, OMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.10-7.15 (1H, m), 7.20-7.30 (4H, m), 7.52-7.56 (3H, m), 7.64 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.00-8.06 (3H, m), 8.77 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.82 (1H, s, NH). 9523 C₃₄H₃₂F₃N₃O₄ MH⁺ 604 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.10 (1H, s), 10.48 (1H, s), 8.26 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.86 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.84-7.68 (3H, m), 7.64-7.54 (3H, m), 7.34 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.22 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.84-2.76 (2H, m), 2.74-2.52 (6H, m). 9524 C₃₄H₃₂F₃N₃O₄ MH⁺ 604 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.70 (1H, s), 10.42 (1H, s), 8.36 MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.24 (1H, s), 8.18 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.98 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.90 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.84 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.66-7.58 (3H, m), 7.34 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.24 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.56 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.54 (6H, m). 9556 C₃₅H₃₇N₄O₄ MH⁺ 579 (32%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.03 (6H, two coincident singlets), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 6.89 (1H, d), 7.08 (1H, t) 7.20- 7.42 (4H, m), 7.49 (1H, t), 7.52-7.64 (3H, m), 8.15 (1H, s), 8.74 (1H, d), 11.65 (1H, br.s). 9447 C₃₆H₃₉N₃O₄ 577 MH⁺ 578 (100%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.28 (6H, 2xd, J = 7 Hz), 2.74-3.01 (9H, m), 3.65 (2H, br.s), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.05-7.10 (1H, m), 7.25-7.35 (4H, m), 7.48-7.65 (4H, m), 7.93 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.08 (1H, s), 8.75 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.68 (1H, br.s, NH). 9461 C₃₉H₄₃N₃O₄ 617 MH⁺ 618 CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.34-1.93 (10H, m), 2.52-2.62 (1H, m, CH), 2.76-2.95 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s) 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.59 (1H, s), 6.95-7.00 (1H, m), 7.25-7.35 (4H, m), 7.40-7.45 (1H, m), 7.55-7.62 (3H, m), 7.90 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.37 (1H, s, NH), 8.65 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.60 (1H, br.s, NH). 9470 C₃₇H₃₅N₃O₄ 585 MH⁺ 586 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.66-2.94 (8H, m), 3.62 (2H, s), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.59 (1H, s), 7.10-7.70 (10H, m), 7.86 (2H, dd), 7.95 (2H, s), 8.53 (1H, d), 8.87 (1H, d), 11.33 (1H, s). 9476 C₃₇H₃₅N₃O₄ 585 MH⁺ 586 (15%) CI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.77-2.97 (8H, m), 3.63 (2H, s), 3.84 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.10-7.16 (1H, m) 7.29 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.54-7.61 (5H, m), 7.67 (1H, d, J = 8HZ), 7.87-8.09 (5H, m), 8.55 (1H, br.s, NH), 8.83 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.95 (1H, br.s, NH). 9536 C₃₃H₃₁Cl₂N₃O₄ 603 MH⁺ 604/606/608 ESI CDCl₃ 2.70-2.98 (8H, m), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.87 (100%) (3H, s), 3.88 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.60 9:6:1 intensity Φ Cl₂ (1H, s), 7.17 (1H, t), 7.30 (2H, d), 7.48- cpd) 7.60 (4H, m), 7.65 (1H, d), 7.80 (1H, d), 8.02 (1H, br.s), 8.13 (1H, d), 8.74 (1H, d), 11.95 (1H, br.s). 9538 C₃₅H₃₇N₃O₄ 563 MH⁺ 564 (100%) ESI CDCl₃ 2.34 (3H, s), 2.36 (3H, s), 2.72-2.98 (8H, m), 3.66 (2H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.03 (1H, t), 7.20-7.34 (3H, m), 7.45 (1H, t), 7.54-7.62 (3H, m), 7.70 (1H, d), 7.80 (1H, s), 8.25 (1H, s), 8.68 (1H, s), 11.59 (1H, s). 9471 C₃₁H₃₁N₃O₄S MH⁺ 542 (6%) CI⁺ d₆ DMSO/400 11.68 (1H, s), 10.46 (1H, s), 8.40 230 (100%) MHz (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.96 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.88 (1H, d, J = 3 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.66-7.56 (3H, m), 7.30-7.70 (4H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.56 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.76-2.64 (6H, m). 9492 C₃₁H₃₁N₃O₄S 541 MH⁺ 542 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-2.95 (8H, m), 3.65 (2H, s), 3.83 (6H, 2xs, 2xOMe), 6.53 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.10-7.15 (1H, m), 7.29 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.36-7.39 (1H, m), 7.51-7.66 (5H, m), 7.94 (1H, s, NH), 8.09-8.11 (1H, m), 8.79 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 11.74 (1H, br.s, NH). 9526 C₃₁H₃₁N₃O₅ 525 MH⁺ 526 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.72-2.98 (8H, m), 3.67 (2H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 6.55 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.86 (1H, s), 7.60 (1H, t), 7.28 (2H, d), 7.42-7.62 (5H, m), 8.08 (2H, d), 8.70 (1H, d), 11.55 (1H, br.s). 9515 C₃₅H₃₄N₄O₄ MH⁺ 575 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.76 (1H, s), H.34 (1H, s), 10.44 MHz (1H, s), 8.58 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.18 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.98 (1H, s), 7.90 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.64 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.58 (1H, t, J = 8 Hz), 7.50 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.30-7.16 (5H, m), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.71 (3H, s), 3.54 (2H, s), 2.86-2.78 (2H, m), 2.74-2.64 (6H, m). 9539 C₃₅H₃₃N₃O₅ 575 MH⁺ 576 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-3.00 (8H, m), 3.67 (2H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.15 (1H, t), 7.22-7.37 (3H, m), 7.43 (1H, t), 7.48-7.74 (7H, m), 8.02 (1H, br.s), 8.74 (1H, d), 11.89 (1H, br.s). 9466 C₃₄H₄₁N₃O₄ 555 MH⁺ 556 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.24-1.51 (5H, m), 1.75-1.95 (7H, m), 2.52-2.60 (1H, m, CH), 2.78-2.83 (6H, m), 3.59-3.67 (4H, m), 3.83 (3H, s, OMe), 3.89 (3H, s, OMe), 6.24- 6.27 (1H, m), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.63 (1H, s), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.27-7.34 (3H, m), 7.96 (2H, d, J = 7 Hz), 8.74 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 9.36 (1H, br.s, NH), 12.62 (1H, br.s, NH). 9479 C₃₂H₃₅N₃O₂ 481 MH⁺ 482 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.20-2.00 (10H, m), 2.50-2.62 (1H, m), 2.70-2.98 (6H, m), 3.65 (2H, q), 3.72 (2H, s), 6.95-7.55 (10H, m), 7.98 (2H, d), 8.80 (1H, d), 12.18 (1H, s). 9567 C₃₆H₃₅N₅O₄ 601 MH⁺ 602 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 1.85-2.00 (2H, m), 2.55 (2H, t), 2.60- 2.88 (6H, m), 3.54 (2H, s), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.52 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 7.18-7.32 (3H, m), 7.56-6.65 (3H, m), 7.60 (1H, d) 7.82-7.94 (3H, m), 8.14- 8.36 (2H, m), 8.85 (1H, d), 9.73 (1H, s), 12.67 (1H, br.s), 9572 C₃₄H₃₁N₃O₄ 573 MH⁺ 574 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.70-2.90 (4H, m), 3.55 (2H, s), 3.69 (2H, s), 3.79 (3H, s), 3.83 (3H, s), 6.49 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.22 (1H, t), 7.45 (2H, d), 7.60 (1H, t), 7.64-7.74 (3H, m), 7.80-7.92 (2H, m), 8.01 (1H, br.s), 8.12-8.34 (2H, m), 8.85 (1H, d), 9.74 (1H, s), 12.72 (1H, br.s). 9577 C₃₄H₃₀N₄O₂ 526 MH⁺ 527 (100%) CI⁺/ CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (1H, s), 9.55 (1H, d), 8.85 NH₃ (1H, d), 8.81 (1H, d), 8.20 (1H, d), 8.05-8.00 (2H, m), 7.85-7.81 (1H, m), 7.71-7.60 (3H, m), 7.57 (2H, d), 7.31 (2H, d), 7.19 (1H, t), 7.14-7.09 (3H, m), 7.05-7.02 (1H, m), 3.75 (2H, s), 2.98- 2.92 (4H, m) 2.85-2.77 (4H, m). 9576 C₃₈H₃₈N₄O₆ 646 MH⁺ 647 (100%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 2.75-3.05 (8H, m), 3.70 (2H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.87 (3H, s), 3.94 (3H, s), 4.03 (3H, s), 6.54 (1H, s), 6.61 (1H, s), 7.12 (1H, s), 7.29 (2H, d), 7.55 (2H, d), 7.64 (1H, t), 7.84 (1H, t), 7.88 (1H, s), 7.99 (1H, d), 8.18 (1H, d), 8.66 (1H, s), 8.78 (1H, s), 9.55 (1H, s), 12.50 (1H, s). 9578 C₃₇H₃₄N₄O₆ MH⁺ 631 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 12.25 (1H, s), 10.37 (1H, s), 9.32 MHz (1H, s), 8.88 (1H, s), 8.18-8.08 (3H, s), 7.90 (1H, t), 7.72 (1H, t), 7.62 (2H, d), 7.58 (1H, s), 7.24 (2H, d), 6.64 (1H, s), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.16 (2H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.68 (3H, s), 3.52 (2H, s), 2.82-2.58 (8H, m). 9584 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ 601 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.68 (1H, s), 10.44 (1H, s), 9.30 MHz (1H, s), 8.86 (1H, s), 8.26 (1H, d), 8.16 (1H, d), 8.12 (1H, d), 7.90 (1H, t), 7.74 (1H, s), 7.72 (1H, t), 7.64 (2H, d), 7.46 (1H, d), 7.24 (2H, d), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.52 (2H, s), 2.82-2.76 (2H, m), 2.74-2.62 (6H, m), 2.40 (3H, s). 9585 C₃₅H₃₂N₄O₄ MH⁺ 573 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.74 (1H, s), 10.56 (1H, s), 9.36 MHz (1H, s), 8.90 (1H, s), 8,36 (1H, d), 8.20- 8.06 (2H, m),7.96-7.84 (2H, m), 7.78- 7.58 (4H, m), 7.40-7.28 (3H, m), 6.68 (1H, s), 6.60 (1H, s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.68 (3H, s), 3.60-3.20 (4H, m), 2.82-2.64 (4H, m). 9586 C₃₆H₃₃ClN₄O₄ MH⁺ 621/623 ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.99 (1H, s), 10.55 (1H, s), 9.32 (100%, 3:1) MHz (1H, s), 8.89 (1H, s), 8.52 (1H, s), 8.20- 8.06 (2H, m), 8.00-7.86 (2H, m), 7.73 (1H, t), 7.63 (2H, d), 7.43 (1H, d), 7.25 (2H, d), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.63 (2H, s), 2.88- 2.66 (8H, m). 9588 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ 601 (100%) CI⁺ CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.34 (1H, s), 9.54 (1H, s), 8.80 (1H, s), 8.68 (1H, s), 8.22 (1H, s), 8.20 (1H, d), 8.02 (1H, d), 7.84 (1H, t), 7.66 (1H, t), 7.62 (2H, d), 7.56 (1H, d), 7,30 (2H, d), 6.92 (1H, d), 6.62 (1H, s), 6,56 (1H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.68 (2H, s), 2.98-2.74 (8H, m, 2.38 (3H, s). 9589 C₃₆H₃₅N₄O₄ MH⁺ 602 (100%) ESI d₆ DMSO/400 10.12 (1H, br.s), 9.80 (1H, s), 9.44 MHz (1H, s), 9.04 (1H, s), 8.16-8.08 (2H, m), 7.94 (1H, s), 7.90 (1H, t), 7.78-7.66 (4H, m), 7.20 (2H, d), 6.86 (1H, d), 6.66 (1H, s), 6.64 (1H, s), 5.70 (2H, br.s), 3.70 (3H, s), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.52 (2H, s), 2.86-2.52 (8H, m). 9590 C₃₆H₃₈N₄O₄ 590 MH⁺ 591 ESI d₆ DMSO/400 11.65 (1H, s), 10.45 (1H, s), 8.80 MHz (1H, s), 8.38 (1H, d), 7.95-7.90 (2H, m), 7.67-7.61 (3H, m), 7.30 (1H, t), 7.27 (2H, d), 6.67 (1H, s), 6.65 (1H, s), 3.82 (3H, s), 3.81 (3H, s), 3.56 (2H, br.s), 2.91-2.70 (12H, m), 1.92-1.88 (2H, m), 1.85-1.78 (2H, m). 9593 C₃₅H₃₃N₄O₄Cl MH⁺ 621 (60%) ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 311 (100%) Mass spec data ¹H NMR data No Molecular formula mass (intensity) mode solvent/field δ 9591 C₃₆H₃₃N₄O₄ Cl MH⁺ (100%) - 621 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 11.17 (s, 1H), 10.40 (s, 1H), and 623 (higher 400 MHz 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.07 chlorine isotope) (d, 1H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.92 (t, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H), 7.72 (t, 1H), 7.60 (d, 3H), 7.45 (t, 1H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 3.70 (s, 6H), 3.52 (s, 2H), 2.80-2.60 (m, 8H) 9592 C₃₃H₃₃N₄O₅F₃ MH⁺ (100%) - 671 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 12.50 (s, 1H), 10.35 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.42 (d, 1H), 8.35 (d, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.65 (d, 2H), 7.58 (d, 1H), 7.59 (t, 1H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.22 (t, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 3.70 (s, 6H), 3.55 (s, 2H), 2.80-2.60 (m, 8H) Phenolic OH not visible 9594 C₃₄H₃₂N₄O₄ S MH⁺ (90%) - 593 and DCI/NH₃ CDCl₃/ 12.24 (s, 1H, br), 9.57 (d, 1H), 208 (100%) 400 MHz 8.82 (d, 1H), 8.45 (d, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.86-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.62 (m, 1H), 7.53 (d, 2H), 7.51 (d, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H, br), 7.30 (d, 2H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.67 (s, 2H), 2.95-2.75 (m, 8H) 9595 C₃₈H₃₉N₅O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 630 ESI CDCl₃/ 11.48 (s, 1H), 9.51 (s, 1H), 8.75 400 MHz (s, 1H), 8.60 (d, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H), 7.98 (d, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.86-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.67-7.62 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.29 (d, 2H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.87 (s, 6H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 3.05 (s, 6H), 2.98-2.78 (m, 8H) 9596 C₃₇H₃₈N₆O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 631 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 11.83 (s, 1H), 9.60 (s, 1H), 8.50 (d, 1H), 8.25 (d, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 8.60 (s, 1H), 7.86-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.61 (d, 2H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 6.95-6.92 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 3.00 (s, 6H), 2.95-2.75 (m, 8H) 9597 C₃₃H₃₁N₅O₄S MH⁺ (100%) - 594 DCI/NH₃ CDCl₃/ 12.95 (s, 1H, br), 9.75 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 8.50 (d, 1H), 8.40-8.37 (m, 1H), 8.23-8.20 (m, 1H), 7.93-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.58 (d, 2H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H, br), 7.32 (d, 2H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 3.00-2.79 (m, 8H) 9600 C₃₄H₃₂N₆O₄ MH⁺ (84%) - 589 ESI CDCl₃/ 12.05 (s, 1H, br), 9.75 (s, 1H), “M²⁺” m/2 (100%) - 400 MHz 8.87-8.47 (m, 1H), 8.29 (d, 1H), 295 8.21 (d, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H, br), 7.94-7.82 (m, 3H), 7.71 (s, 2H, br), 7.29 (d, 2H), 7.06 ( s, 1H, br), 6.60 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 2H), 3.00-2.70 (m, 8H) 9606 C₃₆H₃₄N₄O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 602.7 CI d₆ - DMSO/ 12.60 (s, 1H), 10.35 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 8.25 (d, 1H), 7.80-7.45 (m, 8H), 7.25 (m, 3H), 6.65 (d, 2H), 3.70 (s, 6H), 3.55 (s, 2H), 2.85-2.65 (m, 8H) 9608 C₃₄H₃₃N₅O₄S MH⁺ (100%) - 608 ESI CDCl₃/ 13.62 (s, 1H, br), 9.75 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 8.38-8.34 (m, 1H), 8.22-8.18 (m, 1H), 7.94-7.85 (m, 2H), 7.72 (s, 1H, br), 7.61 (d, 2H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.54 (s, 1H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 2.97-2.79 (m, 8H), 2.65 (s, 3H) 9609 C₃₅H₃₄N₄O₄S MH⁺ (100%) - 607 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 13.42 (s, 1H, br), 9.56 (d, 1H), and 304 (80%) 8.79 (d, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.01 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H, br), 7.68-7.62 (m, 1H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 6.62- 6.60 (m, 2H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 3.84 (s, 6H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 2.96-2.76 (m, 8H), 2.65 (s, 3H) 9612 C₃₄H₃₃N₅O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 576 ESI CDCl₃/ 12.67 (s, 1H), 9.75 (s, 1H), 8.87 400 MHz (d, 1H), 8.34-8.14 (m, 2H), 7.92-7.82 (m, 3H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.63-7.53 (m, 3H), 7.30-7.16 (m, 3H), 6.90-6.75 (m, 3H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.52 (s, 2H), 2.92-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.72- 2.62 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H) 9613 C₃₅H₃₄N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 575 ESI CDCl₃/ 12.25 (s, 1H), 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.83 400 MHz (d, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 7.83 (t, 1H), 7.70-7.52 (m, 5H), 7.24 (d, 2H), 7.16 (t, 1H), 6.90-6.78 (m, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.90-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.70-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H) 9614 C₃₄H₃₁N₅O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 574 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 12.55 (s, 1H), 10.48 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.59 (s, 1H), 8.69 (d, 1H), 8.22 (d, 1H), 8.09 (d, 1H), 8.05-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.93 (d, 1H), 7.64 (t, 1H), 7.51 (d, 1H), 7.45 (s, 1H), 7.30 (t, 1H), 7.10 (d, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.90-6.82 (m, 2H), 3.74 (s, 6H), 3.60-3.50 (m, 4H), 2.85-2.64 (m, 4H) 9615 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₄S MH⁺ (100%) - 633 and ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 11.95 (s, 1H, br), 9.46 (d, 1H), 317 (80%) 8.72 (d, 1H), 8.65 (d, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H, br), 8.1 0 (d, 1H), 7.93 (d, 1H), 7.78-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.49 (m, 4H), 7.35 (dd, 1H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 6.49 (s, 1H), 3.78 (s, 6H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 2.87-2.68 (m, 8H), 2.39 (s, 3H) 9616 C₃₄H₃₂N₄O₄S MH⁺ (100%) - 593 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 11.81 (s, 1H), 9.47 (d, 1H), 8.68 and 297 (95%) (d, 1H), 8.28 (d, 1H), 8.12 (d, 1H), 7.95 (d, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), br), 7.80-7.75 (m, 2H), 7.60- 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.48 (d, 2H), 7.28 (d, 2H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 6.49 (s, 1H), 3.78 (s, 6H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 2.87-2.69 (m, 8H) 9617 C₃₁H₃₂N₄O₄S MH⁺ (90%) - 557 and ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 11.65 (s, 1H), 9.16 (d, 1H), 8.28 279 (100%) (d, 1H), 8.15 (dd, 1H), 7.83-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.52 (d, 2H), 7.30-7.28 (m, 3H), 6.6 1(s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 3.69 (s, 2H), 2.95-2.75 (m, 8H), 2.65 (s, 3H) 9621 C₃₆H₃₄N₄O₄S MH⁺ (60%) - 619, ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.12 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 310 (50%) and 250 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.75 (d, 1H), 8.39 (100%) (s, 1H, br), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 787-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.69- 7.62 (m, 4H), 7.55-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.45 (d, 2H), 7.10-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.58 (s, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 3.20-3.15 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.75 (m, 6H) 9622 C₃₄H₃₂N₆O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 589 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 13.18 (s, 1H, br), 10.04 (s, 1H, and 295 (60%) br), 9.63 (d, 1H), 8.91 (d, 1H), 8.74 (d, 1H), 8.35 (d, 1H), 8.21 (d, 1H), 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.88-7.83 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 6.6 1 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.85 (2 singlets, 6H), 3.68 (s, 2H), 2.96-2.78 (m, 8H) 9623 C₃₆H₃₄N₄O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 603 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.32 (s, 1H, br), 9.52 (s, 1H), 8.88 (d, 1H), 8.81 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.01 (d, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H, br), 7.88-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.72 (d, 1H), 7.67-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.56 (d, 2H), 7.23-7.20 (m, 1H), 6.98 (d, 2H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 4.24 (t, 2H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 3.71 (s, 2H), 3.00 (t, 2H), 2.90-2.88 (m, 4H) 9625 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 601 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.22 (s, 1H), 9.52 (s, 1H), (M+2H)²⁺, “m²⁺” 8.84-8.74 (m, 2H), 8.20-8.10 (m, (58%) 301 2H), 7.99 (d, 1H), 7.83 (t, 1H), 7.72-7.50 ( m, 5H), 7.32- 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.14 (t, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.95-3.75 (m, 7H), 3.20-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.95-2.75 (m, 6H), 2.71-2.59 (m, 1H), 1.38 (d, 3H) 9626 C₃₃H₂₈N₄O₂ MH⁺ (100%) - 513.1 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H), 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.86 (d, 1H), 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 8.01 (d, 1H), 7.84 (t, 1H), 7.71-7.54 (m, 5H), 7.32 (d, 2H), 7.24-7.18 (m, 5H), 4.03 (s, 4H), 3.06-2.97 (m, 2H), 3.05-2.89 (m, 2H) 9628 C₃₄H₂₈N₄O₂Cl₂ MH⁺ (100%) - 595, ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.22 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 597 (50%), 599 8.86-8.81 (m, 2H), 8.21-8.15 (10%), and 475 (90%) (m, 2H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.52 (m, 5H), 7.29 (d, 2H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 7.18- 7.16 (m, 1H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 3.64 (s, 2H), 2.93-2.75 (m, 8H) 9629 C₃₄H₂₈N₄O₂Cl₂ MH⁺ (80%) - 595, 597 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), (50%), 599 (10%), 8.83 (d, 1H), 8.79 (d, 1H), 8.19 399 (70%) and 298 (d, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H, br), 8.02 (d, (100%) 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.70- 7.55 ( m, 5H), 7.31 (d, 2H), 7.25 (d, 1H), 7.20-7.15 (m, 1H), 6.98 (d, 1H), 3.85 (s, 2H), 2.95-2.75 (m, 8H) 9630 C₃₆H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 589 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H), 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H, br), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.73- 7.55 (m, 5H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.20-7.16 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.72 (m, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 2.85-2.68 (m, 8H), 2.39 (s, 3H) 9631 C₃₅H₃₄N₄O₂ MH⁺ (100%) - 543 DCI/NH₃ CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.23 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.81 (d, 1H), 8.79 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H, br), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.70- 7.58 ( m, 3H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.18-7.12 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.00 (m, 3H), 3.52 (s, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.69-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 2.24 (s, 3H) 9632 C₃₅H₃₃N₅O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 604 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.63 (s, 1H), 9.68 (s, 1H), 8.78 (d, 1H), 8.21(d, 1H), 8.10 (d, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.80-7.77 (m, 2H), 7.60 (d, 1H), 7.55-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.16-7.H (m, 1H), 6.90 (d, 2H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 4.17 (t, 2H), 3.78 (s, 6H), 3.63 (s, 2H), 2.97 (t, 2H), 2.80- 2.78 (m, 4H) 9633 C₃₆H₃₄N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 587 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.21 (s, 1H), 9.53 (s, 1H), 8.87 (d, 1H), 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, 1H), 8.00 (m, 2H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.65-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.37- 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.11 (d, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.87 (s, 6H), 3.70 (s, 2H), 3.00-2.94 (m, 2H), 2.89- 2.82 (m, 6H) 9634 C₃₄H₂₉N₅O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 572 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 11.78 (s, 1H, br), 10.48 (s, 1H, 400 MHz br), 9.33 (d, 1H), 8.99 (d, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 8.15 (d, 1H), 8.13 (d, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.95-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.85-7.07 (m, 6H), 7.71 (t, 1H), 7.66-7.60 (m, 3H), 7.40- 7.30 (m, 2H), 7.24 (d, 2H), 3.75 (s, 2H), 2.91 (t, 2H) 9635 C₃₁H₃₂N₄O₄S MH⁺ (100%) - 557.3 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 11.90 (s, 1H), 8.70 (d, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.58 (d, 2H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.16 (t, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.54 (s, 1H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 3.75 (s, 2H), 3.05-2.83 (m, 8H), 2.79 (s, 3H) 9636 C₃₆H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 589 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.27 (s, 1H), 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.88 (d, 1H), 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.9 (d, 1H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H, br), 7.88-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.69-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.52 (d, 2H), 7.25-7.20 (m, 3H), 6.90 (s, 1H, br), 6.84-6.78 (m, 2H), 3.88 (s, 6H), 3.60 (s, 2H, br), 2.82-2.71 (m, 4H, br), 2.61 (q, 2H, br), 1.07 (t, 3H, br) 9638 C₃₁H₃₂N₄O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 541 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 11.69 (s, 1H), 8.73 (d, 1H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.60-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.32- 7.23 (m, 3H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 2H), 3.00-2.74 (m, 8H), 2.54 (s, 3H) 9639 C₃₁H₃₈N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 603 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.20 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.80-8.75 (m, 2H), 8.35 (s, 1H, br), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.78-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.58 (m, 4H), 7.52 (t, 1H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.10 (m, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.83 (s, 2H), 4.53 (septet, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.87-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, 6H) 9640 C₃₆H₃₆N₄O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 605.3 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H), 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H), 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.07-8.00 (m, 2H), 7.84 (t, 1H), 7.70-7.53 (m, 5H), 7.30- 7.18 (m, 3H), 6.54 (s, 2H), 3.85 (s, 9H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.83 (t, 2H), 2.66 (t, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H) 9641 C₃₈H₄₀N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 617 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H), 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.05 (s, 1H, br), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.88-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.70- 7.57 (m, 3H), 7.53 (d, 2H), 7.21-7.15 (m, 3H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.83-6.78 (m, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.58 (s, 2H), 2.81- 2.68 (m, 4H), 2.51(t, 2H), 1.52- 1.47 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.25 (m, 2H), 0.90 (t, 3H) 9642 C₃₈H₄₀N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 617 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H), 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H, br), 8.01 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.71- 7.58 (m, 3H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.20-7.18 (m, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.82-6.78 (m, 2H), 4.02 (t, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.65 (t, 2H), 2.3 1(s, 3H), 1.85-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.45 (m, 2H), 0.96 (t, 3H) 9643 C₃₅H₂₈N₄O₂F₂ MH⁺ (100%) - 551 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.22 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.81-8.75 (m, 2H), 8.21 (s, 1H, br), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.52 (m, 5H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.17- 7.02 (m, 3H), 6.97-6.92 (m, 1H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.65 (t, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H) 9645 C₃₁H₃₂N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 573 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.18 (s, 1H, br), 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.78 (d, 1H), 8.72 (s, 1H), 8.11 (d, 1H), 7.95 (d, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.78-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.62- 7.50 (m, 511), 7.18-7.10 (m, 3H), 6.75-6.70 (m, 3H), 4.18 (s, 4H), 3.40 (s, 2H), 2.78 (t, 2H), 2.58 (t, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H) 9646 C₃₇H₃₈N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 603 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.15 (s, 1H, br), 9.45 (s, 1H), 8.72 (s, 1H), 8.70 (d, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 8.10 (d, 1H), 7.90 (d, 1H), 7.78-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.60- 4.41 (m, 5H), 7.13 (d, 2H), 7.04-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.79-6.68 (m, 3H), 4.45-4.39 (m, 1H), 3.78 (s, 3H), 3.40 (s, 2H), 2.78-2.72 (m, 21.1), 2.60- 2.56 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 1.28 (s, 3H) 9647 C₃₄H₃₂N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 561 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.23 (s, 1H, br), 9.54 (s, 1H), 8.88 (d, 1H), 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H, br), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.65-7.55 (m, 4H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 7.20-7.15 (m, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.80-6.78 (m, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.65 (t, 2H), 2.29 (s, 3H) OH proton not visible 9648 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₆ MH⁺ (40%) - 633 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.29 (s, 1H), 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.87 “M²⁺” 317 (100%) (d, 1H), 8.81 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, 1H), 8.02-7.96 (m, 2H), 7.85- 7.80 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.50 (m, 5H), 7.26-7.18 (m, 1H), 6.98 (d, 2H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.54 (s, 1H), 4.31-4.24 (m, 1H), 4.10 (d, 2H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.82 (d, 1H), 3.64 (d, 1H), 3.04-2.72 (m, 6H) OH proton not visible 9649 C₃₄H₃₂N₄O₄ MH⁺ (50%) - 425 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.25 (s, 1H), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.82 (d, 1H), 8.75 (d, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.22 (d, 1H), 7.98 (d, 1H), 7.81 (t, 1H), 7.67-7.54 (m, 4H), 7.50- 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.29 (d, 2H), 7.07 (t, 1H), 6.88-6.81 (m, 2H), 6.73- 6.68 (m, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.89-2.82 (m, 2H), 2.70- 2.63 (m, 2H), 2.34 (s, 3H) OH proton not visible 9650 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 601 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.33 (s, 1H), 9.53 (s, 1H), 8.90 “M²⁺” 301 (86%) (d, 1H), 8.77 (s, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 7.99 (d, 1H), 7.88-7.58 (m, 6H), 7.30-7.12 (m, 3H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 2H), 3.00-2.75 (m, 8H), 2.35 (s, 3H) 9651 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 617 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.48 (s, 1H), 9.57 (s, 1H), 8.91 “M²⁺” 309 (58%) (d, 1H), 8.84 (s, 1H), 8.61 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 3H), 7.84 (t, 1H), 7.73 (d, 1H), 7.65-7.60 (m, 2H), 7.65- 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.03 (d, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 3.92 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 2H), 3.00-2.70 (m, 8H) 9652 C₃₆H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 589 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.18 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.75 (d, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H, br), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.86-7.82 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.62 (m, 4H), 7.52-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.41 (d, 2H), 7.10-7.05 (m, 1H), 6.98(d, 1H), 6.91-6.83 (m, 2H), 4.55 (septet, 1H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.51 (s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.36 (d, 6H) 9653 C₃₂H₃₃N₅O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 552 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.33 (s, 1H), 9.31 (s, 1H), 8.78 (d, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.6 1(t, 1H), 7.55-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.32 (t, 1H), 7.20 (t, 1H), 7.08 (d, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 6.45 (s, 1H), 3.79 (s, 6H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 2.92-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.80- 2.70 (m, 6H), 2.65 (s, 3H) 9654 C₃₁H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 601 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 11.80 (s, 1H), 10.47 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.88 (s, 1H), 8.38 (d, 1H), 8.17-8.97 (m, 2H), 7.94-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.72 (t, 1H), 7.66-7.60 (m, 3H), 7.34 (t, 1H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 3.68 (s, 6H), 3.55-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.08- 2.95 (m, 1H), 2.70-2.40 (m, 6H), 1.19 (d, 3H) 9655 C₃₅H₃₅N₅O₂ MH⁺ (100%) - 558 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 10.26 (s, 1H, br), 9.53 (d, 1H), 8.85 (d, 1H), 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.82 (t, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H), 7.68-7.52 (m, 3H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.38- 7.29 (m, 4H), 6.80 (d, 2H), 3.62 (s, 2H, br), 2.94 (s, 6H), 2.93- 2.90 (m, 2H, br), 2.80-2.74 (m, 2H, br), 2.36 (s, 3H, br) 9656 C₄₀H₄₄N₄O₆ MH⁺ (100%) - 677 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.45 (s, 1H), 9.50 (s, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.15 (d, 1H), 7.98 (d, 1H), 7.81-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.55 (m, 3H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.78 (s, 2H), 3.97 (t, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 2.80 (t, 2H), 2.62 (t, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.81-1.75 (t, 2H), 1.50-1.42 (m, 2H), 0.92 (t, 3H). 9657 C₃₃H₃₅N₅O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 582 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 12.65 (s, 1H, br), 9.93 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.35 (s, 1H), 8.89-8.78 (m, 2H), 7.94 (d, 1H), 7.76 (t, 1H), 7.48 (d, 1H), 7.58 (t, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, 1H), 6.45 (s, 1H), 6.30 (s, 1H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.58 (s, 2H, br), 2.89- 2.33 (m, 2H), 2.70 (m, 6H), 2.59 (s, 3H). 9658 C₃₂H₃₃N₅O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 568 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 12.62 (s, 1H, br), 9.27 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.32 (s, 1H), 8.90 (m, 1H), 8.80 (m, 1H, 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 7.97 (d, 1 tI), 7.65 (t, 1H), 7.47 (d, 1H), 7.30 (t, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 6.68 (d, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.56 (s, 2H), 2.87-2.82 (m, 2H), 2.75-2.68 (m, 6H) 9659 C₃₂H₃₃N₅O₅ MH⁺ (100%) - 552 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 10.15 (s, 1H), 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.90 400 MHz (d, 1H), 8.80-8.77 (m, 1H), 8.74 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.65 (t, 1H), 7.33 (t, 1H), 7.23-7.17 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.66 (s, 1H), 6.64 (s, 1H), 3.655 (s, 3H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 2H), 2.85-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.75-2.26 (m, 6H), 2.21 (s, 3H) 9660 C₃₇H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 601 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.16 (s, 1H), 9.48 (d, 1H), 8.76-8.72 (m, 2H), 8.12-8.07 (m, 2H), 7.92 (d, 1H), 7.86-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.63-7.44 (m, 4H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.28-7.23 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.04 (m, 1H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 6.49 (s, 1H), 6.43 (s, 1H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.76-2.61 (m, 6H), 2.50-2.44 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.84 (m, 2H). 9661 C₃₂H₃₄N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 539.4 DCI/NH₃ CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.01 (s, 1H), 9.27 (s, 1H), 8.81-8.76 (m, 1H), 8.7l (d, 1H), 8.34-8.26 (m, 2H), 7.67-7.58 (m, 3H), 7.52-7.37 (m, 4H), 7.11-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.98 (d, 1H), 6.89-6.82 (m, 2H), 4.55 (septet, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.38 (d, 6H). 9663 C₃₅H₃₃N₄O₄Cl MH⁺ (62%) - 609 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 12.00 (s, 1H), 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.89 M⁺Na⁺ (100%) - 631 400 MHz (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.18-8.08 (m, 2H), 7.97 (d, 1H), 7.91 (t, 1H), 7.71 (t, 1H), 7.61 (d, 2H), 7.42 (d, 1H), 7.19 (d, 2H), 6.86-6.78 (m, 2H), 6.77-6.71 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.43 (s, 2H), 2.78-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.59- 2.52 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H). 9664 C₃₅H₃₀N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 571 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 11.80 (s, 1H), 10.46 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.33 (s, 1H), 8.89 (s, 1H), 8.38 (d, 1H), 8.18-8.08 (m, 2H), 7.95-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.72 (t, 1H), 7.67-7.60 (m, 3H), 7.34 (t, 1H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 5.90 (s, 2H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.83-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.72-2.60 (m, 6H). 9665 C₃₈H₃₈N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 615 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 11.80 (s, 1H), 10.46 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.33 (s, 1H), 8.88 (s, 1H), 8.38 (d, 1H), 8.17-8.07 (m, 2H), 7.97-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.71 (t, 1H), 7.67-7.58 (m, 3H), 7.32 (t, 1H), 7.22 (d, 2H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.60 (s, 1H), 3.83 (q, 4H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.82-2.74 (m, 2H), 2.72-2.60 (m, 6H), 1.27 (t, 6H). 9666 C₃₆H₃₂N₆O₄S MH⁺ (60%) - 645 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 9.75 (s, 1H, br), 9.55 (d, 1H), 9.27 (s, 1H, br), 8.90 (d, 1H), 8.73 (d, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H), 8.21 (d, 1H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.90-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.21 (d, 2H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 6.50 (s, 1H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.62 (s, 2H), 2.90-2.70 (m, 8H). 9667 C₃₁H₃₂N₄O₄F₂ MH⁺ (100%) - 611.5 DCI/NH₃ CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.35 (s, 1H), 9.51 (s, 1H), 8.93- 8.88 (m, 1H), 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 8.00 (d, 1H), 7.83 (t, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.64 (t, 1H), 7.56-7.49 (m, 3H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.80 (s, 2H), 3.88 (s, 6H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.86-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H). 9668 C₃₆H₃₆N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 589 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.32 (s, 1H), 9.55 (d, 1H), 8.78 (d, 1H), 8.65 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.02 (d, 1H), 7.85 (t, 1H), 7.65 (t, 1H), 7.60 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 1H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 6.90 (d, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.85-6.80 (m, 2H), 3.86 (s, 6H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.85-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.70- 2.65 (m, 2H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H). 9669 C₃₇H₃₈N₄O₄ MH⁺ (100%) - 603 ESI CDCl₃/400 MHz 12.20 (s, 1H), 9.53 (d, 1H), 8.80 (d, 1H), 8.75 (d, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 8.01 (d, 1H), 7.85-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.65- 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.48 (t, 1H), 7.17 (d, 2H), 7.05 (t, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.85-6.75 (m, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.59 (s, 2H), 2.99 (septet, 1H), 2.69 (s, 4H), 1.00 (d, 6H). 9677 C₃₅H₃₃N₅O₆ MH⁺ (35%) - 620 ESI d₆ - DMSO/ 11.72 (s, 1H), 10.72 (s, 1H), 400 MHz 9.35 (s, 1H), 9.14 (s, 1H), 8.90 (s, 1H), 8.24-8.06 (m, 4H), 7.94 (t, 1H), 7.72 (t, 1H), 7.65 (d, 2H), 7.20 (d, 2H), 6.88-6.70 (m, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.44 (s, 2H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 262- 2.50 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H) 

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound which is an anthranilic acid of formula (I):

wherein each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) wherein each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹, which are the same or different, is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl, or R¹ and R², being attached to adjacent positions of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group; R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; R⁴ is C₁-C₆ alkyl or R⁴ represents —CH₂— or —CH₂CH₂— which is attached either (i) to position 2 of ring b to complete a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring b, or (ii) to the position in ring a adjacent to that to which X, being a single bond, is linked, thereby completing a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring a; R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl; X is a direct bond, O, S, —S—(CH₂)_(p)— or —O—(CH₂)_(p)— wherein p is an integer of 1 to 6; R₆ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy; q is 0 or 1; Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the said phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring or form a methylenedioxy group; n is 0 or 1; and m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 6; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein the anthranilic acid has the following structure (A):

wherein (a) each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, OH, NO₂, N(R¹⁰R¹¹), halogen or C2-C6 alkoxy, or R is H and R¹ and R² form, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group, provided R¹ and R² are not both H; R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl; X is a direct bond, O, S, —S—(CH₂)p— or —O—(CH₂)p— wherein p is an integer of 1 to 6; R⁶ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy; Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring or form a methylenedioxy group; and m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 6; or (b) each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H or OMe and each of R³, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹, Ar, X and m is as defined above.
 3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein the anthranilic acid has the following structure (B)

wherein each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) wherein each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹, which are the same or different, is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R¹ and R², being attached to adjacent positions of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group; R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl; R⁶ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy; Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring or form a methylenedioxy group; and n is 0 or
 1. 4. A compound according to claim 1 wherein the anthranilic acid has the following structure (C):

wherein each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) wherein each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹, which are the same or different, is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R¹ and R², being attached to adjacent positions of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group; R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl; X is a direct bond, O, S, —S—(CH₂)p— or —O—(CH₂)p— wherein p is an integer of 1 to 6; R⁶ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy; Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring or form a methylenedioxy group; m is 0 or an integer of 1 to
 6. 5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein the anthranilic acid has the following structure (D)

wherein each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) wherein each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹, which are the same or different, is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R¹ and R², being attached to adjacent positions of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group; R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl R⁴ is C₁-C₆ alkyl or R⁴ represents —CH₂— or —CH₂CH₂— which is attached either (i) to position 2 of ring b to complete a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring b, or (ii) to the position in ring a adjacent to that to which X, being a single bond, is linked, thereby completing a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring a; R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl; R⁶ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy; Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C1-C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring or form a methylenedioxy group; n is 0 or 1; and m is 0 or an integer of 1 to
 6. 6. A compound which is an anthranilic acid of formula (Ia):

wherein R¹¹ and R²¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen or methoxy; R³¹ and R⁴¹, which may be the same or different, are each independently selected from H, CH₃ CF₃, F, Cl, Br, NH₂, NO₂, NHOH, methoxy, hydroxy and phenyl; or R³¹ and R⁴¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁵¹ is 2-furanyl, 3-furanyl, 2-thiophene, 3-thiophene, 2-indolyl or 2-benzofuranyl or a ring of one of the following formulae (II′), (III′) or (IV′):

wherein R⁶¹ and R⁷¹, which may be the same or different, are selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is linear or branched, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, F, Cl, Br, OR¹², NO₂, dimethylamino, diethylamino, acetyl and benzoyl, or R⁶¹ and R⁷¹ when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁸¹ and R⁹¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen, methyl or methoxy, or R⁸¹ and R⁹¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the pyridine to which they are attached a quinoline or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline ring system; R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen, methyl or propionyl; or R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring, R¹²¹ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl or acetyl; r is 0 or 1, and s is 1, 2 or 3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 7. A compound according to claim 6 wherein, in formula (Ia), r is 1, s is 2, R¹¹ and R²¹ are both methoxy and R⁵¹ is a 2-quinoxaline group, a 3-quinoline group, a 2-pyrazine group or a 3-pyridine group, all of which groups are unsubstituted or substituted.
 8. A compound which is 2-chloro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 4-Hydroxy-7-trifluoromethyl-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-pyridin-2-yl)-amide 4-Hydroxy-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-7-ylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-7H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (4-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-amide N-(4-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thiophen-3-yl)-6-methyl-nicotinamide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylsulfanyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (3-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-pyrazin-2-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethoxy]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dichloro-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(7,8-dichloro-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(2-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-methyl-amino}-ethyl)-phenylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethyl-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethoxy]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{3-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(7-nitro-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-Methyl-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-ethyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide 2-Methyl-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3-isopropoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[methyl-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl)-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[butyl-(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4-butoxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-difluoro-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxin-6-ylmethyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4-isopropoxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[3-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-propoxy]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-2-methoxy-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{[(3-isopropoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-methyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide 5-Methyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{3-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(4-dimethylamino-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3-butoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl]-amide 5-Methyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-2-methoxy-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-2-methoxy-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{3-[3-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-propyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide N-[2-(4-{[(3-Isopropoxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-methyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-nicotinamide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [5-chloro-2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(7,8-dihydro-5H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinolin-6-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-diethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-thieno[2,3-b]pyrazin-7-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-4,5-difluoro-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-5-methyl-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-isopropyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-methyl-amino]-ethyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-5-nitro-phenyl]-amide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-6-chloro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-5-chloro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-4-chloro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3-chloro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-5-bromo-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-4-fluoro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3-methyl-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3-methoxy-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-3-hydroxy-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-4-nitro-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-4-amino-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-5-phenyl-benzamide 3-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid [2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-amide 2-(4-Dimethylamino-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Propyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Pentyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide Biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide 2-(4-Diethylamino-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-tert-Butyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Bromo-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Nitro-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Phenoxy-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Benzoyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Benzyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyloxy-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Benzyloxy-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide N-{2-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-nicotinamide N-{2-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-isonicotinamide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Isoquinoline-1-carboxylic acid (2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Thiophene-3-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide 1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid {2-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-hydroxyamino-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-nitro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-3-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-fluoro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-nitro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-methyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-methyl-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-4-chloro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-chloro-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-5-amino-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-nicotinamide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-isonicotinamide Pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 5-Methyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-6-methyl-nicotinamide N-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-6-methoxy-nicotinamide 5-Propionyl-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-5-methyl-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-4-methyl-benzamide 2-Benzoylamino-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-6-methyl-benzamide 2-(2-Fluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Fluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Fluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2,4-Difluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2,6-Difluoro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Chloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Chloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Chloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Methyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Methyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Methyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Methoxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Methoxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Methoxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(2-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Hydroxy-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide Acetic acid 2-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl ester Acetic acid 3-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl ester Acetic acid 4-(2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenylcarbamoyl)-phenyl ester 2-(2-Trifluoromethyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Trifluoromethyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3-Dimethylamino-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Isopropyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide Naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-(3,4-Dichloro-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide 2-(3,4-Dimethyl-benzoylamino)-N-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenyl}-benzamide Thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Thiophene-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Furan-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 1H-Indole-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-[3-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-propyl]-benzamide 2-(4-Cyclohexyl-benzoylamino)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-benzamide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[3-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-propyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ylmethyl)-phenylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (2-{4-[2-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-ethyl]-phenylcarbamoyl}-phenyl)-amide Quinoline-3-carboxylic acid {2-[4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ylmethyl)-phenylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}-amide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 9. A pharmaceutical or veterinary composition comprising a pharmaceutical or veterinary carrier or diluent and, as an active principle, a compound as defined in claim 1 or
 6. 10. A method of modulating p-gp mediated MDR in the treatment of tumors, which method comprises administering to a patient harboring a tumor which expresses P-gp mediated MDR a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in claim 1 or claim
 8. 11. A method of potentiating the cytotoxicity of an agent which is cytotoxic to a tumor cell, which method comprises administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in claim 1 or claim
 8. 12. A method according to claim 11 wherein the said agent is selected from the group consisting of anthracycline antibiotics, vinca alkaloids, mitoxantrone, actinomycin D, taxanes, epipodophyllotoxins and plicamycin.
 13. A method according to claim 12 wherein the said agent is an anthracycline antibiotic.
 14. A method according to claim 12 wherein the said agent is selected from the group consisting of doxorubicin, daunorubicin, vincristine, vinblastine, taxol, etoposide and plicamycin.
 15. A method according to claim 11 which comprises administering the said compound to the patient whilst the tumor is exposed to the said agent.
 16. A method of treating a disease in which the responsible pathogen exhibits multi-drug resistance, which method comprises administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in claim 1 or claim
 8. 17. A method according to claim 16 wherein the said pathogen exhibits P-gp mediated multi-drug resistance.
 18. A method according to claim 16 wherein the disease is selected from the group consisting of multi-drug resistant forms of malaria, tuberculosis, leishmaniasis and amoebic dysentery.
 19. A method according to claim 16 which comprises administering, separately, simultaneously or sequentially, the said compound and a drug to which the said pathogen exhibits multi-drug resistance.
 20. A method of enhancing a characteristic of a therapeutic agent, the said characteristic being selected from the group consisting of penetration, absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, which method comprises administering to a patient in need thereof, separately, simultaneously or sequentially, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as defined in claim 1 or claim 8 and the said therapeutic agent.
 21. A method according to claim 20 wherein the said characteristic is selected from the group consisting of penetration into the central nervous system and oral absorption.
 22. A process for producing a compound which is an anthranilic acid derivative of formula (I):

wherein each of R, R¹ and R², which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, nitro, or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) wherein each of R¹⁰ and R¹¹, which are the same or different, is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R¹ and R², being attached to adjacent positions of ring b, together form a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy group; R³ is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl R⁴ is C₁-C₆ alkyl or R⁴ represents —CH₂— or —CH₂CH₂— which is attached either (i) to position 2 of ring b to complete a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring b, or (ii) to the position in ring a adjacent to that to which X, being a single bond, is linked, thereby completing a saturated 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring fused to ring a; R⁵ is H, OH or C₁-C₆ alkyl; X is a direct bond, O, S, —S—(CH₂)p— or —O—(CH₂)p— wherein p is an integer of 1 to 6; R⁶ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl or C₁-C₆ alkoxy; q is 0 or 1; Ar is an unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic group; each of R⁷ and R⁸, which are the same or different, is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, phenyl, —NHOH, nitro, a group N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above or a group SR¹² wherein R¹² is H or C₁-C₆ alkyl; or R⁷ and R⁸, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁹ is phenyl or an unsaturated heterocyclic group, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by C₁-C₆ alkyl, OH, C₁-C₆ alkoxy, halogen, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acetyl, benzoyl or N(R¹⁰R¹¹) as defined above, or two substituents on adjacent ring positions of the said phenyl or heterocyclic group together complete a saturated or unsaturated 6-membered ring or form a methylenedioxy group; n is 0 or 1; and m is 0 or an integer of 1 to 6; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; which process comprises: (a) treating an aminobenzamide of formula (VI)

 wherein Ar, R⁷ and R⁸ are as defined above and Z is the moiety:

 wherein m, n, q, R, R¹ to R⁶ and X are as defined above, with a carboxylic acid of formula R⁹—COOH, or an activated derivative thereof, wherein R⁹ is as defined above; or (b) treating a compound of formula XII:

 wherein Ar, R⁵, R⁶ to R⁹, X, q and m are as defined above, with an amine of formula XX:

 wherein R, R¹ to R⁴ and n are as defined above; and, if desired, removing any optional protecting groups present, and/or if desired, converting one compound of formula (I) into another compound of formula (I) and/or, if desired, converting one compound of formula (I) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or, if desired, converting a salt into a free compound of formula (I).
 23. A process for producing a compound which is an anthranilic acid of formula (Ia):

wherein R¹¹ and R²¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen or methoxy; R31 and R41, which may be the same or different, are each independently selected from H, CH₃ CF₃, F, Cl, Br, NH₂, NO₂, NHOH, methoxy, hydroxy and phenyl; or R³¹ and R⁴¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁵¹ is 2-furanyl, 3-furanyl, 2-thiophene, 3-thiophene, 2-indolyl or 2-benzofuranyl or a ring of one of the following formulae (II′), (III′) or (IV′):

wherein R⁶¹ and R⁷¹, which may be the same or different, are selected from hydrogen, C₁-C₆ alkyl which is linear or branched, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trifluoromethyl, F, Cl, Br, OR¹², NO₂, dimethylamino, diethylamino, acetyl and benzoyl, or R⁶¹ and R⁷¹ when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring or a methylenedioxy substituent; R⁸¹ and R⁹¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen, methyl or methoxy, or R⁸¹ and R⁹¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the pyridine to which they are attached a quinoline or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline ring system; R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹¹, which may be the same or different, are each hydrogen, methyl or propionyl; or R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹¹, when situated on adjacent carbon atoms, form together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached a benzene ring, R¹²¹ is H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl or acetyl; r is 0 or 1, and s is 1, 2 or 3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; which process comprises: (a) treating an aminobenzamide of formula VIII′

 wherein R³¹ and R⁴¹ are as defined above and are optionally protected, and Z′ is the moiety

 wherein r, s, R¹¹ and R²¹ are as defined above, with a carboxylic acid of formula R⁵¹—COOH or an activated derivative thereof, wherein R⁵¹ is as defined above; or (b) treating a compound of formula XII′:

 wherein R⁵¹ is as defined above, with an amine of formula IX′:

 wherein r, s, R¹¹ and R²¹ are as defined above; or (c) treating an azalactone of formula XIII′:

 wherein R⁵¹ is as defined above, with an amine of formula (IX′)

wherein r, s, R¹¹ and R²¹ are as defined above; and, if desired, removing any optional protecting groups present, and/or if desired, converting one compound of formula (Ia) into another compound of formula (Ia) and/or, if desired, converting a compound of formula (Ia) into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or, if desired, converting a salt into a free compound of formula (Ia). 